Mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity

Bressler, Joseph; Goldstein, Gary W.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(91)90617-e

Cited by 390 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Porphyrias may be inherited or caused by the intake of chemicals that inhibit the enzymes involved in heme synthesis [92][93][94][95]. For example, lead inhibits ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase activity [101]. The effect of lead on heme synthesis may be related to the encephalopathy caused by lead poisoning [101].…”

Section: Dysregulation Of Heme Levels Can Cause Serious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, lead inhibits ALA dehydratase and ferrochelatase activity [101]. The effect of lead on heme synthesis may be related to the encephalopathy caused by lead poisoning [101]. Porphyrias are associated with skin lesions, neuropathy and hepatic dysfunction [1,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100].…”

Section: Dysregulation Of Heme Levels Can Cause Serious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to MAP kinases

2006

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Section: Dysregulation Of Heme Levels Can Cause Serious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dysregulation Of Heme Levels Can Cause Serious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to MAP kinases

2006

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“…Conceivably, any alterations in barriers' structural or functional integrity may impair the normal brain function. Pb exposure is known to produce irreversible neurotoxicity (Muldoon et al, 1996;Schwartz et al, 2000;Stollery, 1996), particularly in young children (Bellinger, 2004;Bressler et al, 1999;Cory-Schlecta and Schaumburg, 2000). The high vulnerability of children's brain to Pb toxicity could be partly attributed to the less welldeveloped brain barrier system, or a possibly high sensitivity of their BBB to Pb insults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

Wang

Luo

Zheng

et al. 2007

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

102

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Children are known to be venerable to lead (Pb) toxicity. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) in immature brain is particularly vulnerable to Pb insults. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that Pb exposure damaged the integrity of the BBB in young animals and iron (Fe) supplement may prevent against Pb-induced BBB disruption. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Three groups of rats were exposed to Pb in drinking water containing 342 μg Pb/mL as Pb acetate, among which two groups were concurrently administered by oral gavage once every other day with 7 mg Fe/kg and 14 mg Fe/kg as FeSO 4 solution as the low and high Fe treatment group, respectively, for 6 weeks. The control group received sodium acetate in drinking water. Pb exposure significantly increased Pb concentrations in blood by 6.6-folds (p<0.05) and brain tissues by 1.5-2.0-folds (p<0.05) as compared to controls. Under the electron microscope, Pb exposure in young animals caused an extensive extravascular staining of lanthanum nitrate in brain parenchyma, suggesting a leakage of cerebral vasculature. Western blot showed that Pb treatment led to 29-68% reduction (p<0.05) in the expression of occludin as compared to the controls. Fe supplement among Pb-exposed rats maintained the normal ultrastructure of the BBB and restored the expression of occludin to normal levels. Moreover, the low dose Fe supplement significantly reduced Pb levels in blood and brain tissues. These data suggest that Pb exposure disrupts the structure of the BBB in young animals. The increased BBB permeability may facilitate the accumulation of Pb. Fe supplement appears to protect the integrity of the BBB against Pb insults, a beneficial effect that may have significant clinical implications.

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“…De manera consistente, en series de niños de la misma edad, en la medida en que el plomo supera el nivel de 10 µg/dl, el coeficiente intelectual se suele reducir en dos a tres puntos de la escala (38). Además, en poblaciones con niveles de plomo en sangre entre 50 µg/dl y 70 µg/dl, se han encontrado pérdidas de cinco puntos en las pruebas de coeficiente intelectual y pérdidas de cuatro puntos en las mismas con niveles entre 30 µg/dl y 50 µg/dl, (39)(40)(41)(42)(43). Si bien este trabajo careció de la medición de este tipo de variable, es muy razonable pensar que toda la serie está experimentando un importante deterioro en ella.…”

Section: Concentraciónunclassified

Aspectos clínicos y niveles de plomo en niños expuestos de manera paraocupacional en el proceso de reciclaje de baterías de automóviles en las localidades de Soacha y Bogotá, D.C.

2008

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Introducción. El plomo es un metal inocuo mientras no sea objeto de manipulación en procesos industriales. Aun cuando se ha eliminado la gasolina con plomo en muchos países, incluso en Colombia, el reciclaje informal de baterías sigue siendo una fuente potencial de exposición e intoxicación, tanto para los trabajadores como para sus familias, en los estratos bajos. Objetivo. Establecer hallazgos clínicos, niveles de plomo en sangre y frecuencia de intoxicación en niños expuestos de manera paraocupacional al reciclaje informal de baterías de automoviles. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo con selección por la exposición. La investigación se inició tras conocerse un caso índice de intoxicación en la población de Soacha, Cundinamarca. Se incluyeron consecutivamente a menores de edad, referidos por familiares, vecinos o conocidos, quienes se conocieran en exposición paraocupacional. Los menores fueron examinados y se tomaron muestras de sangre para determinación hematológica y dosificación de plomo. Resultados. Se examinaron 32 menores de 12 años, la mayoría en etapa escolar; todos presentaban altos niveles de plomo (dos a nueve veces el valor máximo aceptable) y dos tercios de ellos se encontraban con intoxicación grave. La serie de expuestos es significativamente sintomática en relación con los hallazgos sugestivos de intoxicación por plomo. Los niños con mayores niveles de plomo tenían la tendencia a presentar un mayor compromiso hematológico y a hacer manifiesto el ribete de Burton. Conclusión. Este trabajo descriptivo aporta un claro signo de alarma ante las autoridades sanitarias y de gobierno, a fin de tomar medidas tendientes a disminuir la exposición ocupacional, o paraocupacional de los niños, al reciclaje de baterías, mediante un programa de prevención y tamización en municipios y localidades del área metropolitana de Bogotá y Soacha.Palabras clave: intoxicación por plomo/epidemiología, exposición profesional, uso de residuos peligrosos, baterías, niños, lactantes, Colombia.Clinical manifestations of lead levels in children exposed to automobile battery recycling processes in Soacha and Bogotá, D.C.Introduction. Lead is a harmless metal if not handled directly in the industrial process. Even though lead has been eliminated from the gasoline in many countries, automobile battery recycling continues to be a potential source of exposure and intoxication for the workers and their families, particularly of low income. The current investigation was initiated after an index case of lead poisoning was reported from Soacha, Cundinamarca, in central Colombia.. Objective. Clinical investigation established lead levels and lead poison frequency in children with para-occupational lead exposure in the process of recycling automobile batteries. Material and methods. This was designed as a descriptive study, with selection of subjects with high risk of possible lead exposure. Minors, mostly of school age were recruited based on referral by relatives, neighbors or acquaintances, all of whom were involved in para-oc...

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Mechanisms of lead neurotoxicity

Cited by 390 publications

References 49 publications

Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to MAP kinases

Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to MAP kinases

Iron supplement prevents lead-induced disruption of the blood–brain barrier during rat development

Aspectos clínicos y niveles de plomo en niños expuestos de manera paraocupacional en el proceso de reciclaje de baterías de automóviles en las localidades de Soacha y Bogotá, D.C.

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