Mechanisms of long-term anaerobic corrosion of iron archaeological artefacts in seawater

Morphology of corrosion products of steel in concrete under macro‐cell and self‐corrosion conditions

“…In this context, the E-pH diagram proposed by Rémazeilles et al for iron in concentrated chloride aqueous solution at 258C [24] is presented in Figure 20. Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) phase is normally thermodynamically stable from pH 7.5 to 14 for redox potential between -0.1 to -0.7 V/SHE (reductive conditions).…”

Carbon steel corrosion in clay-rich environment

“…3). Our attribution is based on a similar Raman spectrum reported by Rémazeilles [42][43][44]. Their spectra shows peaks around 127, 161, 322, 429, 615, 789 and 985 cm À1 , but no Raman band assignment was given by theses authors.…”

“…Their spectra shows peaks around 127, 161, 322, 429, 615, 789 and 985 cm À1 , but no Raman band assignment was given by theses authors. Accordingly, to reveal clearly the formation of ferrous hydroxychloride phase, we have tested the transformation of ferrous hydroxychloride into Akaganeite (b-FeOOH containing chlorine) [42] in oxidizing conditions by exposing the steel coupons to open air for 1 month. Indeed, Akaganeite the b phase of ferric oxihydroxide b-FeO 1À2x (OH) 1+x Cl x , is often observed as a corrosion product of iron in chloride containing environments, such as marine environments or in corroded archaeological iron artefacts [45,46].…”

Oxidation of chukanovite (Fe 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 ): Influence of the concentration ratios of reactants

“…The Fe(II)-hydroxychloride ␤-Fe 2 (OH) 3 Cl was for instance observed as the main component of the layers covering iron bars found in shipwrecks dated from the Gallo-Roman period [1]. However, the mostly reported Fe(II) hydroxysalt is the Fe(II)-hydroxycarbonate chukanovite (Fe 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 ).…”