Mechanisms of Mitral Regurgitation

Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Outcomes in Asian Compared With European-American Institutions

“…Both hospitals in Hong Kong and Singapore are tertiary institutions providing health care services to over 40% of the local Asian populations affected by DMR in their respective regions. 17 , 18 The MIDA registry systematically merged the consecutive experience with patients diagnosed with DMR due to flail mitral leaflets in tertiary centers: 2 in France (university hospitals in Amiens and Marseille), 3 in Italy (university hospitals in Bologna, Ancona, and Modena), 1 in Belgium (university hospital in Brussels), and 1 in the United States (Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota). All centers provided approval from ethics boards and Institutional Review Boards, which waived the informed consent requirement in some centers.…”

Advances in Procedural Echocardiographic Imaging in Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Mitral Regurgitation

“…Segmental analysis with live 3D MPR is particularly important for treating complex lesions with multi-segment pathologies. In degenerative MR due to diffuse myxomatous disease, it is important to differentiate prolapsing from billowing segments, as the former has genuine loss of leaflet edge coaptation (hence becomes the MR origin) and could be the primary target site for clip implantation ( 1 , 17 , 18 ). Pure billowing, on the other hand, does not contribute to MR and may not require clipping.…”

“…Transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair is a minimally invasive technique for treatment of selected patients with moderate-severe or severe (3+ or 4+) mitral regurgitation (MR). While several technologies are in clinical development, a transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) device, the MitraClip™ (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA, US), is currently the only US Food and Drug Administration approved device for transcatheter MV repair ( 1 – 3 ). Other investigational TEER devices include the PASCAL™ ( 4 ) (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, US) and the DragonFly™ ( 5 ) (Valgen Medical, Hangzhou, China) transcatheter MV repair systems.…”