Mechanisms of neurohormonal activation in chronic congestive heart failure: pathophysiology and therapeutic implications

Inhibition of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) by torasemide prevents atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation in mice

“…In addition, the MR is a direct regulator of left ventricular myocardial remodeling [42]. Aldosterone release is triggered by angiotensin-II, the extracellular potassium concentration and adrenocorticotropic hormones [43,44]. Aldosterone directly contributes to the pathogenesis of fibrosis and AF [10-15, 26, 38].…”

Terapia de resgate com amiodarona em crianças com grave disfunção ventricular esquerda causada por veneno de escorpião

“…Intravenus administration of amiodarone has acute sympatholytic and vagotonic actions 29 . Furthermore, amiodarone selectively decreases sympathetic efferent traffic to the heart and improves left ventricular function [30][31][32][33] . …”

“…The former two drugs are known to increase sympathetic activation and mortality in the presence of left ventricular dysfunction 34,35 , whereas amiodarone has opposite effects on sympathetic activation and mortality 22,36 . Therefore, the very favorable effects of our antiadrenergic rescue protocol are very likely secondary to the sympatholytic and vagotonic actions of amiodarone [29][30][31] .…”

Review: Aldosterone Inhibition Reduces the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients with Heart Failure

“…6 The activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a central role in the ventricular structural and electrical remodelling in congestive heart failure. 7 Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone and a major effector hormone of the RAAS. 8,9 The levels of plasma aldosterone are significantly elevated in patients with untreated chronic heart failure (CHF) compared to normal controls and have a strong association with mortality.…”