Mechanisms of plant–soil feedback: interactions among biotic and abiotic drivers

Bennett, Jonathan; Klironomos, John N.

doi:10.1111/nph.15603

Cited by 312 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This is in strong agreement with recent findings that soil fungal communities are shaped over time by plants, whereas bacterial communities are shaped far less strongly by plants, and instead more by varying environmental conditions over time (Hannula et al 2019b). Soil legacy effects in natural plant communities are likely not driven by one taxon specifically, but rather by the composition of the soil fungal community as a whole (Semchenko et al 2018; Bennett & Klironomos 2018; Mommer et al 2018, but see Harrison & Bardgett, 2010). Importantly, we show that conditioning effects of plant communities on soil biota, outweigh the effects on soil abiotic parameters, and are drivers of soil legacy effects on plant growth in the field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

et al. 2020

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Soil legacy effects are commonly highlighted as drivers of plant community dynamics and species co-existence. However, experimental evidence for soil legacy effects of conditioning plant communities on responding plant communities under natural conditions is lacking. We conditioned 192 grassland plots using six different plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs and for different durations. Soil microbial legacies were evident for soil fungi, but not for soil bacteria, while soil abiotic parameters did not significantly change in response to conditioning. The soil legacies affected the composition of the succeeding vegetation. Plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs left soil legacies that negatively affected succeeding plants of the same functional type. We conclude that fungal-mediated soil legacy effects play a significant role in vegetation assembly of natural plant communities. and robin.heinen@tum.de † These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

et al. 2020

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“…While tremendous progress has been made by treating the soil microbial community cultivated by plants as a black box, our ability to predict the consequences of plant-microbe interactions to the dynamics of natural plant communities will also improve with a more mechanistic understanding of how the population dynamics and effects of individual components of the microbial community (e.g. pathogens, mutualists, saprophytes) vary across environments Bennett & Klironomos 2018;Lekberg et al 2018). A growing number of studies are building this understanding by performing experiments that involve modifying targeted components of the microbial community across resource gradients (e.g.…”

Section: Empirically Measuring the Microbially Mediated Plant Fitnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winning and losing with microbes: how microbially mediated fitness differences influence plant diversity

et al. 2019

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Interactions between plants and soil microbes can strongly influence plant diversity and community dynamics. Soil microbes may promote plant diversity by driving negative frequency‐dependent plant population dynamics, or may favor species exclusion by providing one species an average fitness advantage over others. However, past empirical research has focused overwhelmingly on the consequences of frequency‐dependent feedbacks for plant species coexistence and has generally neglected the consequences of microbially mediated average fitness differences. Here we use theory to develop metrics that quantify microbially mediated plant fitness differences, and show that accounting for these effects can profoundly change our understanding of how microbes influence plant diversity. We show that soil microbes can generate fitness differences that favour plant species exclusion when they disproportionately harm (or favour) one plant species over another, but these fitness differences may also favor coexistence if they trade off with competition for other resources or generate intransitive dominance hierarchies among plants. We also show how the metrics we present can quantify microbially mediated fitness differences in empirical studies, and explore how microbial control over coexistence varies along productivity gradients. In all, our analysis provides a more complete theoretical foundation for understanding how plant–microbe interactions influence plant diversity.

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“…One approach to steer soil microbiomes is to apply the ecological concept of plant-soil feedbacks (van der Putten et al, 2013;Bennett & Klironomos, 2018). Plants release primary and secondary metabolites through their roots that shape the soil and rhizosphere microbiome in a species-specific way (Hu et al, 2018;Yuan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditioning the soil microbiome through plant–soil feedbacks suppresses an aboveground insect pest

et al. 2020

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Summary Soils and their microbiomes are now recognized as key components of plant health, but how to steer those microbiomes to obtain their beneficial functions is still unknown. Here, we assess whether plant–soil feedbacks can be applied in a crop system to shape soil microbiomes that suppress herbivorous insects in above‐ground tissues. We used four grass and four forb species to condition living soil. Then we inoculated those soil microbiomes into sterilized soil and grew chrysanthemum as a focal plant. We evaluated the soil microbiome in the inocula and after chrysanthemum growth, as well as plant and herbivore parameters. We show that inocula and inoculated soil in which a focal plant had grown harbor remarkably different microbiomes, with the focal plant exerting a strong negative effect on fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Soil inoculation consistently induced resistance against the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, but not against the mite Tetranychus urticae, when compared with sterilized soil. Additionally, plant species shaped distinct microbiomes that had different effects on thrips, chlorogenic acid concentrations in leaves and plant growth. This study provides a proof‐of‐concept that the plant–soil feedback concept can be applied to steer soil microbiomes with the goal of inducing resistance above ground against herbivorous insects.

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Mechanisms of plant–soil feedback: interactions among biotic and abiotic drivers

Cited by 312 publications

References 49 publications

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects

Winning and losing with microbes: how microbially mediated fitness differences influence plant diversity

Conditioning the soil microbiome through plant–soil feedbacks suppresses an aboveground insect pest

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