Mechanisms of resistance to malathion in the medfly Ceratitis capitata

Magaña, Cristina; Hernández‐Crespo, Pedro; Brun‐Barale, Alexandra; Couso-Ferrer, Francisco; Bride, Jean‐Marc; Castañera, Pedro; Feyereisen, René; Ortego, Félix

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.05.001

Cited by 72 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, interference of ace genes in H. armigera (nonspecific silencing, as in L. migratoria) did affect larval growth and development (Kumar et al, 2009). In fact, insects bearing mutated AChE can show a 40e60% reduction of AChE activity with no effect on survival (Magaña et al, 2008). The reason why CPB or H. armigera may be affected by a reduction of AChE activity more than other insects may be related to the disparity of AChE activity detected in different orders due to variations in expression, specific activity of the enzymes, enzyme availability, etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Ldace1 gene to acetylcholinesterase activity in Colorado potato beetle

Revuelta

Ortego

Díaz-Ruíz

et al. 2011

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata is an important economic pest of potato worldwide. Resistance to organophosphates and carbamates in CPB has been associated in some cases to point mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene Ldace2, an orthologue of Drosophila melanogaster Dmace2. In this paper we report cloning and sequencing of Ldace1, an orthologue of Anopheles gambiae Agace1 that was previously unknown in CPB. The Ldace1 coding enzyme contains all residues conserved in a functionally active AChE. Ldace1 is expressed at higher levels (between 2- and 11-fold) than Ldace2 in embryos, in the four larval instars and in adults. Specific interference of Ldace1 by means of dsRNA injection resulted in a reduction of AChE activity to an approximate 50% compared to control, whilst interference of Ldace2 reduced AChE activity to an approximate 85%. Analysis of zymograms of AChE activity after interference indicates that LdAChE1 is the enzyme predominantly responsible for the activity visualised. Interference of Ldace1 in CPB adults caused a significant increase in mortality (43%) as early as three days post-injection (p.i.), suggesting the essential role of Ldace1. Interference of Ldace2 also caused a significant increase in mortality (29%) compared to control, although at seven days p.i. The effect of the interference of Ldace1 on susceptibility to the organophosphate chlorpyrifos points out that LdAChE1 could be a main target for this insecticide. In the light of our results, studies associating resistance in CPB to mutations in Ldace2 should be reviewed, taking into consideration analysis of the Ldace1 gene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Ldace1 gene to acetylcholinesterase activity in Colorado potato beetle

Revuelta

Ortego

Díaz-Ruíz

et al. 2011

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Control of medfly populations is mainly based on the use of insecticides. However, resistance to malathion has been reported in field populations (Magaña et al, 2007(Magaña et al, , 2008, showing as well cross-resistance to different insecticides (lambdacyhalothrin, methyl-chlorpyrifos, and lufenuron) currently approved for the control of C. capitata (CousoFerrer et al, 2011). In this context, the improvement of diagnostic procedures for the determination of genetic structure of populations, as well as the gene flow among different geographic areas have a practical application in integrated control programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of Spanish populations of Ceratitis capitata revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers: implications for resistance management

Beroiz¹,

Ortego²,

Callejas³

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered one of the most economically damaging pests of citrus orchards in Spain. The characterization of C. capitata population structure, at a large geographical scale, by using a combination of RAPD and ISSR markers can allow analyzing the genetic variability of this species, and provide some insight in decision making for resistance management, recently recorded in Spain. We compared six Spanish populations along the Mediterranean area (Gerona, Amposta, Tortosa, Castellón, Valencia and Málaga) with populations from other geographical areas where this pest is widely distributed (Africa, Middle East, South America and Atlantic Islands) and two laboratory strains. The results obtained with both types of molecular markers were similar. A dendrogram based on Nei genetic distances showed that all Mediterranean Spanish populations, except the population collected in Gerona, were clearly separated from the rest. However, no clear differentiation among Spanish populations was found, probably as a result of the high levels of gene flow (Nm value of 2.8 for RAPD and 3.9 for ISSR). Implications of these findings on resistance management of C. capitata are discussed.Additional key words: gene flow; medfly; molecular markers. ResumenEstudio de la estructura genética de poblaciones españolas de Ceratitis capitata mediante marcadores RAPD e ISSR: implicaciones en el manejo de la resistencia La mosca mediterránea de la fruta, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), está considerada como una de las plagas económicamente más perjudiciales de los cultivos de cítricos en España. La caracterización de la estructura poblacional de C. capitata, a gran escala, mediante el uso conjunto de marcadores RAPD e ISSR puede permitir analizar la variabilidad genética de esta especie, y proporcionar alguna información en la toma de decisiones del manejo de la resistencia, registrada recientemente en España. Se compararon seis poblaciones españolas del área mediterránea (Gerona, Amposta, Tortosa, Castellón, Valencia y Málaga) con poblaciones de otras zonas geográficas donde esta plaga está ampliamente distribuida (África, Oriente Medio, América del Sur e Islas del Atlántico) y dos líneas de laboratorio. Los resultados obtenidos con ambos tipos de marcadores moleculares fueron similares. Un dendrograma basado en las distancias genéticas de Nei mostró que todas las poblaciones mediterráneas españolas, a excepción de la población recogida en Gerona, estaban claramente separadas del resto. Sin embargo, no se encontró una diferenciación clara entre las poblaciones españolas, probablemente como resultado de los altos niveles de flujo géni-co (un valor de Nm de 2,8 para RAPD y 3,9 para ISSR). Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados en el manejo de la resistencia de C. capitata.Palabras clave adicionales: flujo génico; marcadores moleculares; mosca mediterránea de la fruta.*Corresponding author: bberoiz@cib.csic.es Received: 30-12-...

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“…Magaña et al (2008) found that a single-point mutation in acetylcholinesterase in Ceratitis capitata is associated with malathion resistance. Bioinsecticides, such as neem oil, work only on the 1st-instar larvae and reduce the hatching of D. saccharalis eggs (Tavares et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical electrolyte concentration of silk gland chromatin of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, induced using agrochemicals

Gigliolli¹,

Fermino²,

Moreira³

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis is widely known as the main pest of sugarcane crop, causing increased damage to the entire fields. Measures to control this pest involve the use of chemicals and biological control with Cotesia flavipes wasps. In this study, we evaluated the insecticides fipronil (Frontline; 0.0025%), malathion (Malatol Bio Carb; 0.4%), cipermetrina (Galgotrin; 10%), and neem oil (Natuneem; 100%) and the herbicide nicosulfuron (Sanson 40 SC; 100%) in the posterior region silk glands of 3rd-and 5th-instar D. saccharalis by studying the variation in the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC). Observations of 3rd-instar larvae indicated that malathion, cipermetrina, and neem oil induced increased chromatin condensation that may consequently disable genes. Tests with fipronil showed no alteration in chromatin condensation. With the use of nicosulfuron, there was chromatin and probable gene decompaction. In the 5th-instar larvae, the larval CEC values indicated that malathion and neem oil induced increased chromatin condensation. The CEC values for 5th-instar larvae using cipermetrina, fipronil, and nicosulfuron Agrochemical-induced CEC in sugarcane borer indicated chromatin unpacking. These observations led us to conclude that the quantity of the pesticide does not affect the mortality of these pests, can change the conformation of complexes of DNA, RNA, and protein from the posterior region of silk gland cells of D. saccharalis, activating or repressing the expression of genes related to the defense mechanism of the insect and contributing to the selection and survival of resistant individuals.

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Mechanisms of resistance to malathion in the medfly Ceratitis capitata

Cited by 72 publications

References 46 publications

Contribution of Ldace1 gene to acetylcholinesterase activity in Colorado potato beetle

Contribution of Ldace1 gene to acetylcholinesterase activity in Colorado potato beetle

Genetic structure of Spanish populations of Ceratitis capitata revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers: implications for resistance management

Critical electrolyte concentration of silk gland chromatin of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, induced using agrochemicals

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