Mechanisms of thermal adaptation and evolutionary potential of conspecific populations to changing environments

Chen, Zhongqi; Farrell, Anthony P.; Matala, Amanda; Narum, Shawn R.

doi:10.1111/mec.14475

Cited by 80 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The minimal overlap and difference in numbers of SNPs identified between F ST outlier approaches identified may indicate different sensitivities of each approach to the effects of genetic drift and structure. Notably, studies comparing outflank and bayescan have found little overlap between the approaches (e.g., Bernatchez, Laporte, Perrier, Sirois, & Bernatchez, ; Chen, Farrell, Matala, & Narum, ; Micheletti, Matala, Matala, & Narum, ). The significant SNP associations using EAA were unique to each environmental variable in 41%–79% of cases (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients in a range‐expanding damselfly (Ischnura elegans)

et al. 2018

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Insect distributions are shifting rapidly in response to climate change and are undergoing rapid evolutionary change. We investigate the molecular signatures underlying local adaptation in the range-expanding damselfly, Ischnura elegans. Using a landscape genomic approach combined with generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM), we detect selection signatures on loci via allelic frequency change along environmental gradients. We analyse 13,612 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), derived from restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq), in 426 individuals from 25 sites spanning the I. elegans distribution in Sweden, including its expanding northern range edge. Environmental association analysis (EAA) and the magnitude of allele frequency change along the range expansion gradient revealed significant signatures of selection in relation to high maximum summer temperature, high mean annual precipitation and low wind speeds at the range edge. SNP annotations with significant signatures of selection revealed gene functions associated with ongoing range expansion, including heat shock proteins (HSP40 and HSP70), ion transport (V-ATPase) and visual processes (long-wavelength-sensitive opsin), which have implications for thermal stress response, salinity tolerance and mate discrimination, respectively. We also identified environmental thresholds where climate-mediated selection is likely to be strong, and indicate that I. elegans is rapidly adapting to the climatic environment during its ongoing range expansion. Our findings empirically validate an integrative approach for detecting spatially explicit signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients in a range‐expanding damselfly (Ischnura elegans)

et al. 2018

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“…Relative to interspecific differences in thermal tolerance, however, intraspecific differences appear to be relatively small (Chen et al. ) and less malleable over short time spans, so more plastic phenotypic traits may offer better opportunities for manipulation (Crozier et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Warming of Salmon and Trout Rivers in the Northwestern U.S.: Road to Ruin or Path Through Purgatory?

et al. 2018

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Large rivers constitute small portions of drainage networks but provide important migratory habitats and fisheries for salmon and trout when and where temperatures are sufficiently cold. Management and conservation of coldwater fishes in the current era of rapid climate change require knowing how riverine thermal environments are evolving and the potential for detrimental biological impacts. Robust estimates of warming rates, however, are lacking due to limited long‐term temperature monitoring, so we compiled the best available multidecadal records and estimated trends at 391 sites in the 56,500‐km river network of the northwestern USA. Warming trends were prevalent during summer and early fall months in recent 20‐ and 40‐year periods (0.18–0.35°C per decade during 1996–2015 and 0.14–0.27°C per decade during 1976–2015), paralleled air temperature trends, and were mediated by discharge trends at regional and local levels. To illustrate the biological consequences of warming later in this century, trend estimates were used to inform selection of river temperature scenarios and assess changes in thermal exposure of adult Sockeye Salmon Oncorhynchus nerka migrating to four population areas as well as thermal habitat shifts for resident Brown Trout Salmo trutta and Rainbow Trout O. mykiss populations throughout the region. Future warming of 1–3°C would increase Sockeye Salmon exposure by 5–16% (3–143 degree‐days) and reduce thermally suitable riverine trout habitats by 8–31% while causing their upstream shift. Effects of those changes on population persistence and fisheries are likely to be context dependent, and strategic habitat restoration or adaptation strategies could ameliorate some biological impairments, but effectiveness will be tempered by the size of rivers, high costs, and pervasiveness of thermal effects. Most salmon and trout rivers will continue to provide suitable habitats for the foreseeable future, but it also appears inevitable that some river reaches will gradually become too warm to provide traditional habitats.

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“…Despite these possible limitations, our results demonstrate multilocus associations with variation in both upper thermal tolerance and hypoxia tolerance, indicating that relatively high proportions of phenotypic variation in CT max and LOE hyp can be attributed to combinations of SNP variation across multiple loci (approximately 47 and 35 SNPs, respectively). Polygenic bases for phenotypic variation have been demonstrated for several ecologically relevant traits (Brieuc et al, ; Holliday et al, ; Laporte et al, ; Nemri et al, ), and recent studies in rainbow trout and corals also detected a polygenic basis for variation in thermal tolerance (Chen, Farrell, Matala, & Narum, ; Rose et al, ). Together these results highlight the importance of incorporating models of adaptive responses based on many loci of small effect into forecasts of the organismal responses to climate change (Bay et al, ; Pritchard & Di Rienzo, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance traits related to climate change resilience are independent and polygenic

Healy

Brennan

Whitehead

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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The resilience of organisms to climate change through adaptive evolution is dependent on the extent of genetically based variation in key phenotypic traits and the nature of genetic associations between them. For aquatic animals, upper thermal tolerance and hypoxia tolerance are likely to be a important determinants of sensitivity to climate change. To determine the genetic basis of these traits and to detect associations between them, we compared naturally occurring populations of two subspecies of Atlantic killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, that differ in both thermal and hypoxia tolerance. Multilocus association mapping demonstrated that 47 and 35 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) explained 43.4% and 51.9% of variation in thermal and hypoxia tolerance, respectively, suggesting that genetic mechanisms underlie a substantial proportion of variation in each trait. However, no explanatory SNPs were shared between traits, and upper thermal tolerance varied approximately linearly with latitude, whereas hypoxia tolerance exhibited a steep phenotypic break across the contact zone between the subspecies. These results suggest that upper thermal tolerance and hypoxia tolerance are neither phenotypically correlated nor genetically associated, and thus that rates of adaptive change in these traits can be independently fine-tuned by natural selection. This modularity of important traits can underpin the evolvability of organisms to complex future environmental change.

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Mechanisms of thermal adaptation and evolutionary potential of conspecific populations to changing environments

Cited by 80 publications

References 77 publications

Signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients in a range‐expanding damselfly (Ischnura elegans)

Signatures of local adaptation along environmental gradients in a range‐expanding damselfly (Ischnura elegans)

Global Warming of Salmon and Trout Rivers in the Northwestern U.S.: Road to Ruin or Path Through Purgatory?

Tolerance traits related to climate change resilience are independent and polygenic

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