Mechanisms underlying memory impairment in schizophrenia

Brébion, Gildas; Amador, Xavier; Smith, M. J.; Gorman, Jack M.

doi:10.1017/s0033291796004448

Cited by 125 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It seemed to them as if their retrieval was just guided by the first letters of the target items, rather than by the part-list cues. The indication is also consistent with recent work, in which no effect of patients' executive dysfunctions on the amount of part-list cuing was found Kissler & Bäuml, 2004), although patients with executive dysfunctions showed poor retrieval strategies (Brebion et al, 1997). Finally, it is in accord with the results of recognition tests, in which detrimental effects of part-list cuing were found, although the order of the tested items was experimenter provided and random (Todres & Watkins, 1981).…”

Section: Strengthening-based Accounts and Strategy Disruptionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…1 Moreover, using the same type of testing situation, Bäuml and colleagues examined the effect of part-list cuing in schizophrenic and amnesic patients. The schizophrenic patients and some of the amnesic patients suffered from executive dysfunctions, which impair subjects' ability to build up retrieval strategies (Brebion, Amador, Smith, & Gorman, 1997). Nevertheless, the executive dysfunctions did not have any influence on the size of the patients' detrimental cuing effects Kissler & Bäuml, 2004).…”

Section: Strategy Disruption Accounts Of Part-list Cuingmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Part-list cuing as instructed retrieval inhibition

2004

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Section: Strengthening-based Accounts and Strategy Disruptionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Strategy Disruption Accounts Of Part-list Cuingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Part-list cuing as instructed retrieval inhibition

2004

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“…Given previous findings of impaired source monitoring versus recognition performance in schizophrenia (Brébion et al, 1997;Keefe et al, 1999Keefe et al, , 2002Vinogradov et al, 1997) it is remarkable that patients were unimpaired in recognition and source retrieval. Unlike previous source monitoring experiments, the current study manipulated encoding strategy through the LOP paradigm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of internal source monitoring in schizophrenia: Recognition with and without recollection

Ragland

Valdez

Loughead

et al. 2006

Schizophrenia Research

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Patients with schizophrenia tend to have impaired source monitoring and intact item recognition, suggesting an over-reliance of familiarity effects. We previously demonstrated that providing patients with a levels-of-processing (LOP) semantic encoding strategy normalized source monitoring. The current blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study tests the hypothesis that patients will have abnormally increased frontotemporal activation despite intact performance. fMRI was measured in 13 patients and 13 demographically matched healthy controls during a LOP source monitoring paradigm. SPM2 was used for standard pre-processing and statistical analyses, with a corrected significance threshold of p<.05. Examination of accuracy and speed measures did not reveal any group differences in task performance. Regardless of source retrieval success both groups activated expected prefrontal and parietal regions, with no areas of relatively greater control versus patient activation. In support of the hypothesis, patients showed abnormally increased activation in temporolimbic areas including middle and superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Activation in these areas was associated with worse positive and negative symptoms, but did not correlate with performance, suggesting inefficient rather than compensatory activation.

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“…Patients with schizophrenia usually show preserved priming (Brebion, Amador, Smith, & Gorman, 1997;Kazes et al, 1999) and impaired explicit memory (using free recall tasks).…”

Section: Palabras Clave: Facilitación Memoria Implícita Esquizofrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Implicit Memory Tests in Schizophrenic Patients and Normal Controls

et al. 2007

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The objective of the current study was to compare the performance of schizophrenic patients and normal controls on implicit memory tests. Two neuropsychological tasks were administered to 29 patients and normal participant samples. The implicit tests were: Word fragment completion and Word production from semantic categories. The priming score was the variable of interest. Priming effects are obtained in normal subjects and schizophrenia patients, regardless of the implicit test used. However, a dissociation in priming between normal and patient groups was observed, depending on the test used. For word fragment test, priming was identical between the two groups. However, for word production, priming obtained in schizophrenics was lower than priming in normal controls. Results confirm a dissociation effect in implicit memory tests. These results could be explained in the context of the Roediger and Blaxton (1987) distinction between data-driven and conceptually-driven processing. This evidence suggests that a complete neuropsychological assessment of memory in schizophrenia should include different kinds of implicit memory tests (procedural, perceptual, and conceptual tasks). Keywords: priming, implicit memory, schizophrenia, memory impairmentEl objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la ejecución de pacientes esquizofrénicos y controles no clínicos en tests de memoria implícita. Se administraron dos pruebas neuropsicológicas a una muestra de 29 pacientes y a dos muestras de participantes no clínicos. Los tests implícitos fueron: Completar fragmentos de palabras y Generación de ejemplares de categorías semánticas. La variable de interés fue la facilitación. Los efectos de facilitación se obtienen en sujetos no clínicos y en pacientes esquizofrénicos, independientemente del test implícito que se utilice. Sin embargo, se ha observado una disociación en la facilitación entre grupos de controles y pacientes, dependiendo del test utilizado. En tests de fragmentos de palabras la facilitación es idéntica en los dos grupos. Sin embargo, en producción de palabras, la facilitación obtenida en esquizofrénicos es menor que la facilitación en controles. Los resultados confirman la existencia de un efecto disociativo en tests de memoria implícita. Estos resultados podrían explicarse en el contexto de la distinción de Roediger y Blaxton (1987) entre procesamiento guiado por los datos y procesamiento guiado conceptualmente. Esta evidencia sugiere que la evaluación neuropsicológica de la memoria en la esquizofrenia debería incluir distintos tipos de pruebas de memoria implícita (procedimentales, perceptuales, y conceptuales). Palabras clave: facilitación, memoria implícita, esquizofrenia, daños en memoria

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Mechanisms underlying memory impairment in schizophrenia

Cited by 125 publications

References 26 publications

Part-list cuing as instructed retrieval inhibition

Part-list cuing as instructed retrieval inhibition

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of internal source monitoring in schizophrenia: Recognition with and without recollection

A Comparison of Implicit Memory Tests in Schizophrenic Patients and Normal Controls

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