Mechanisms Underlying Soybean Response to Phosphorus Deficiency through Integration of Omics Analysis

Abstract

Low phosphorus (P) availability limits soybean growth and yield. A set of potential strategies for plant responses to P deficiency have been elucidated in the past decades, especially in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). Recently, substantial efforts focus on the mechanisms underlying P deficiency improvement in legume crops, especially in soybeans (Glycine max). This review summarizes recent advances in the morphological, metabolic, and molecular responses of soybean to phosphate (Pi) starvation through the combined analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Furthermore, we highlight the functions of the key factors controlling root growth and P homeostasis, base on which, a P signaling network in soybean was subsequently presumed. This review also discusses current barriers and depicts perspectives in engineering soybean cultivars with high P efficiency.

Transcriptomic investigation unveils the role of energy metabolism under low phosphorus and salt combined stress in soybean (Glycine max)

“…Addressing this challenge of soil deterioration necessitates a profound investigation into the resistance mechanisms exhibited by crops when confronted with the dual stresses of salt and low phosphorus. Extensive research has been conducted concerning the transcriptional alterations that occur in soybeans when subjected to either low phosphorus or salt stress individually (Hu et al, 2022; Liu et al, 2020; Liu et al, 2021; Mo et al, 2022; Yang et al, 2022). However, there remains a notable gap in transcriptome studies regarding the impact of combined stress from both low phosphorus and salt on soybean plants.…”

Revealing the Mechanistic Basis of Regulation of Phosphorus Uptake in Soybean (Glycine max) Roots by Molybdenum: An Integrated Omics Approach

“…7,38 The changes induced by P channel proteins mainly involve carboxylate exudation to mobilize adequate P through chelation and ligand exchange and enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to secrete phosphatase or phytase to mobilize Po; meanwhile, the optimization of root architecture and the release of protons into the environment play a positive role in responding to plant P starvation. 39 DEGs in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soybean under P stress are mainly concentrated in sugar metabolism, hormone signal transduction, transcription factors, malic acid secretion, and other pathways. 40,41 By combining the DEGs of Mo response with the KEGG metabolic pathway, we screened a variety of differential expression genes related to organic acid, proton, and acid phosphatase metabolism (Tables S8 and S9).…”

“…Low P treatment affected transcript levels of genes for SPX domain proteins, high affinity P transporters, bHLH, MYB, and WRKY transcription factors, and those involved in oxidative stress response, phospholipid degradation, root carbon metabolism, and auxin and gibberellin hormone synthesis. , Plants, such as rice, can regulate the expression of P channel proteins by regulating the changes of OsPht1;4 in cell transcripts (especially roots). , The changes induced by P channel proteins mainly involve carboxylate exudation to mobilize adequate P through chelation and ligand exchange and enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to secrete phosphatase or phytase to mobilize Po; meanwhile, the optimization of root architecture and the release of protons into the environment play a positive role in responding to plant P starvation …”

Dissection of Crop Metabolome Responses to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Other Nutrient Deficiencies

“…In past decades, there have been large advances in dissecting the mechanisms of plant adaptation to P deficiency including physiological and biochemical responses. Plants have developed a variety of adaptive strategies, such as changing root architecture and morphology, increasing the secretion of organic acids, and developing a bypass pathway for recycling internal P [ 12 , 49 , 50 ]. Metabolome analysis has also been widely conducted to investigate the metabolite-based low-P tolerance mechanisms in crops, such as soybean, quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa ), common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ), tomato, and oats ( Avena sativa ) [ 26 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”