Mechanistic insight into dendrite–SEI interactions for lithium metal electrodes

Feng, Hao; Verma, Ankit; Mukherjee, Partha P.

doi:10.1039/c8ta07997h

Cited by 122 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…During the first charge, reduction reactions occur on the anode, and the reduced products deposit in electrolyte, forming a passivation layer on the surface, namely, SEI . The SEI has the ionic conductivity and electronic isolation and is insoluble in the electrolyte solvent.…”

Section: Working Principle and Analysis Methods Of Power Battery Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the first charge, reduction reactions occur on the anode, and the reduced products deposit in electrolyte, forming a passivation layer on the surface, namely, SEI. [30][31][32][33][34] The SEI has the ionic conductivity and electronic isolation and is insoluble in the electrolyte solvent. This property will prevent solvent molecules from cointercalation and avoid direct contact between the electrode and electrolyte, thereby, effectively inhibiting further decomposition of the electrolyte.…”

Section: 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

Wang

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Limited by the current power battery technology, electric vehicles show extremely poor duration performance and potential risk at low temperature, which is mainly caused by poor charging performance of lithium‐ion batteries. To explore the impact of charging process on cycle degradation at low temperatures, a cycle aging experimental scheme with different charging C‐rate (0.3C and 0.5C) under −10°C and −20°C was designed for the commercial LiFePO4 battery. The experimental batteries showed severe degradation after a few of cycles. The phenomenon of reduced internal resistance and up‐shift of the charging curve was found during the early cycle stages (0th‐20th cycle). The influence of low‐temperature cycle on battery was analyzed by the increment capacity analysis (ICA); the fast decreasing intensity of ①*II showed sharp loss of lithium ions. Those lithium ions mainly transformed into lithium plating and built up dendrites instead of reintercalating into the anode crystal structure, causing the further degradation of capacity and ohmic resistance. Degradation law was obtained by curve regression analysis in the end.

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Section: Working Principle and Analysis Methods Of Power Battery Undermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

Wang

2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…However, these protective layers may only regulate the surficial Li deposition and partially suppress the Li dendrites. Once the bulk Li participates in cycling, the SEI will not work well and even be ruptured because of accumulative “dead Li.” In general, the problem of dendritic growth keeps unsolved only via single SEI construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the bulk Li participates in cycling, the SEI will not work well and even be ruptured because of accumulative "dead Li." [20] In general, the problem of dendritic growth keeps unsolved only via single SEI construction.The growth of Li dendrites origins from the inhomogeneous ion distribution and diffusion that are commonly induced by electric driving force as shown in Figure 1b. [21] Chazalviel's model also makes clear that a higher local current density can cause a sharper concentration gradient near electrodes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Conversion of Cu₃P Nanowires to Mixed Ion/Electron‐Conducting Skeleton for Homogeneous Lithium Deposition

Sun

Lin

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

101

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and Li-O 2 batteries toward the post Li-ion battery era. [3] Howbeit, owing to the tough problems of dendritic Li growth and huge dimension fluctuation during cycling, metallic Li is still like a "hot potato" when used as anode in rechargeable batteries. The uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites can destroy the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, inducing the further side reactions between the electrolyte and fresh Li. Even worse, once Li dendrites penetrate the separator, the cell internal short circuit will occur and cause inestimable safety hazards. [4] As a consequence, rechargeable Li-metal batteries usually possess an undesirable cycling lifespan and low safety, which has severely impeded its practical applications over the past 40 years. [5] Until now, considerable progress has been made in stabilizing Li metal anode via various strategies. [6] Surface modification is a commonly used method to mitigate the risk of dendrite growth. The sacrificial electrolyte additives, such as fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), [7] vinylene carbonate (VC)-LiNO 3 , [8] and trace amounts of H 2 O, [9] can promote a relatively stable SEI in the short-term cycle. In spite of this, additives still undergo constant consumption owing to the high reaction activity of Li metal, leading to SEI inefficacy and accumulation after the long-term cycling. Besides, utilizing chemical reactions between Li metal and active substances (e.g., N 2 , [10] P 2 S 5 /S, [11] C 2 Cl 4 , [12] CuF 2 , [13] sulfur vapor, [14] Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 [15] ) or physical/chemical technologies (e.g., atomic layer deposition, [16] molecular layer deposition, [17] magnetron sputtering, [18] and slurry coating [19] ) can also construct an artificial SEI or buffer layer. However, these protective layers may only regulate the surficial Li deposition and partially suppress the Li dendrites. Once the bulk Li participates in cycling, the SEI will not work well and even be ruptured because of accumulative "dead Li." [20] In general, the problem of dendritic growth keeps unsolved only via single SEI construction.The growth of Li dendrites origins from the inhomogeneous ion distribution and diffusion that are commonly induced by electric driving force as shown in Figure 1b. [21] Chazalviel's model also makes clear that a higher local current density can cause a sharper concentration gradient near electrodes. [22] Therefore, in order to avoid the dendritic Li formation essentially, it is very crucial to make Li + concentration incline to a relatively steady state. Some external technologies, such as pulse current charging [23] and external magnetic field, [24] can stabilize Li-metal batteries by realizing the above The introduction of 3D wettable current collectors is one of the practical strategies toward realizing high reversibility of lithium (Li) metal anodes, yet its effect is usually insufficient owing to single electron-conductive skeleton. Here, homogeneous Li deposition behavior and enhanced Coulombic efficiency is reported for electrochemically lithiated Cu 3 P na...

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Strategies in Structure and Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

Qin

Holguin

Mohammadiroudbari

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

165

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Lithium metal is the “holy grail” anode for next‐generation high‐energy rechargeable batteries due to its high capacity and lowest redox potential among all reported anodes. However, the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is hindered by safety concerns arising from uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and infinite volume change during the lithium plating and stripping process. The formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the construction of robust 3D porous current collectors are effective approaches to overcoming the challenges of Li metal anode and promoting the practical application of LMBs. In this review, four strategies in structure and electrolyte design for high‐performance Li metal anode, including surface coating, porous current collector, liquid electrolyte, and solid‐state electrolyte are summarized. The challenges, opportunities, perspectives on future directions, and outlook for practical applications of Li metal anode, are also discussed.

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Mechanistic insight into dendrite–SEI interactions for lithium metal electrodes

Abstract: The coupled mechanism of nonuniform Li plating and interfacial stress induced SEI instability is elucidated.

Cited by 122 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

In Situ Conversion of Cu₃P Nanowires to Mixed Ion/Electron‐Conducting Skeleton for Homogeneous Lithium Deposition

Strategies in Structure and Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

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Mechanistic insight into dendrite–SEI interactions for lithium metal electrodes

Abstract: The coupled mechanism of nonuniform Li plating and interfacial stress induced SEI instability is elucidated.

Cited by 122 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO 4 power battery at low temperature

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO 4 power battery at low temperature

In Situ Conversion of Cu3P Nanowires to Mixed Ion/Electron‐Conducting Skeleton for Homogeneous Lithium Deposition

Strategies in Structure and Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries

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Product

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About

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO ₄ power battery at low temperature

In Situ Conversion of Cu₃P Nanowires to Mixed Ion/Electron‐Conducting Skeleton for Homogeneous Lithium Deposition