“…5, the level reset alone is enough to replace transition ((1, 1), , (2, 1)) by transition ( (1, 1), , (2, 0)), therefore avoiding state (2, 1) and all its descendants. Using level caching without level reset, and assuming the descendants of (2, 0) have been built before those of (2, 1), then state (2, 1) would be connected to states (3, 0) and (4, 0) instead of states (3,1) and (4,1). It is hard to find a small example to illustrate that both optimizations are useful together: the smallest such occurrence in our benchmarks has 20 states.…”