Mechano-chemical stabilization of three-dimensional carbon nanotube aggregates

Koizumi, Ryota; Hart, Amelia H. C.; Brunetto, Gustavo; Bhowmick, Sanjit; Owuor, Peter Samora; Hamel, John; Gentles, Anieph X.; Özden, Şehmus; Lou, Jun; Vajtai, Róbert; Asif, S. A. Syed; Galvão, Douglas S.; Tiwary, Chandra S.; Ajayan, Pulickel M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.08.085

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Synthesis of novel 2D materials with semiconducting character, made mainly from carbon atoms have been among the most interesting research topics in the field of novel materials [25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. New forms of carbon allotropes with sp or sp-sp 2 hybrid structures have already been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic, optical and thermal properties of highly stretchable 2D carbon Ene-yne graphyne

Mortazavi

Shahrokhi

Rabczuk

et al. 2017

Carbon

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Recently, a new carbon-based two-dimensional (2D) material, so called carbon Ene-yne (CEY), was successfully synthesized. In this work, we examine electronic, optical and thermal properties of this novel material. We studied the stretchability of CEY via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Using the PBE and HSE06 functionals, as well as the G 0 W 0 method and the Bethe-Salpeter equation, we systematically explored electronic and optical properties of 2D CEY. In particular, we investigated the change of band-gap and optical properties under uniaxial and biaxial strain. Ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations confirm that CEY is stable at temperatures as high as 1500 K. Using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, the thermal conductivity of CEY was predicted to be anisotropic and three orders of magnitude smaller than that of graphene. We found that in the visible range, the optical conductivity under high strain levels is larger than that of graphene. This enhancement in optical conductivity may allow CEY to be used in photovoltaic cells. Moreover, CEY shows anisotropic optical responses for x-and y-polarized light, which may be suitable as an optical linear polarizer. The comprehensive insight provided by the present investigation should serve as a guide for possible applications of CEY in nanodevices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic, optical and thermal properties of highly stretchable 2D carbon Ene-yne graphyne

Mortazavi

Shahrokhi

Rabczuk

et al. 2017

Carbon

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“…The finite element method simulations and analysis were carried out using Abaqus software . Linear‐elastic mechanical behavior was assumed for all the materials under for the compression, load‐unload test, and impact test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Stiffening Behavior of Reinforced Carbon Nanotubes Spheres

et al. 2017

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Strong van der Waals forces between individual carbon nanotubes pose a major hurdle for effective use of nanotubes as reinforcement in nanocomposite due to agglomeration. In this paper, the authors show that van der Waals forces in combination with functionalization of carbon nanotubes, can be utilized to design nanocomposites mimicking stiffening behavior normally observed in biological materials such as fibrin gels, health bones, actin filaments in cytoskeletons etc. Carbon nanotube spheres are used as reinforcement in an elastomer matrix and when subjected to dynamic loads exhibit significant selfstiffening. Increased stiffness is also observed in dynamic loading after every relaxation cycle. The authors further show high energy absorption of the nanocomposite in impact tests. Authors study shows that the rational design of macroscale materials from nano-scale constituents can be achieved utilizing simple methodology to produce multifunctional materials with broad applications.Stiffening behavior in presence of dynamic loads is a common phenomenon in majority of biological materials, [1] such as fibrin gels, [2] bones, actin filaments in cytoskeletons [3,4] etc. The stiffening mechanism in natural materials is normally employed as damage prevention measure, when a material is under large deformation. [5] This ability to stiffen with dynamic loads are well demonstrated by healthy bones that adapt to loads regularly. [6] This means, as the loading increases at a certain part of the bone, that specific area of the bone will "remodel" [7][8][9] itself over time to become stronger in order to resist subsequent loads. [6] Designing synthetic materials, mimicking this self-stiffening properties of biological materials can have far reaching implications especially in structures, such as bridges, skyscrapers skeletons structures, airplanes, cars, and ships due to the dynamic loads imposed on them regularly. It is a tall-order to design synthetic materials, which are responsive to dynamic load like their natural counterparts. So far, improvement in various properties have been achieved, [10][11][12] but responsiveness has proved elusive. For instance, metallurgists have perfected a cold working [13] or strain hardening method with an aim of increasing material strength through plastic deformation by dislocation generation and movement within the crystal structure of the material. [14,15] This method though effective for metals, still has major drawbacks, for example, cold working should be done below recrystallization temperature to avoid rearrangement of dislocations at higher temperature, where very little strength can be achieved. Further, as we move toward lighter materials, for example, polymer composites, this method is not applicable. There is an enormous effort by researchers to mimic the efficient design offered by nature. [10][11][12]16] Nanotechnology is allowing researchers and engineers to design very sophisticated materials using bottom-up designs, which were impossible to achieve using conventional method...

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“…To create the strongest fiber_-nanotube/wire interfacial bonding necessary to mimic the mechanisms of Velcro and possess the desired morphology, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used as a template to synthesize the SiCNT/NWs. CNTs, known for their superb mechanical properties and easy synthesis methods, can be grown directly on the fiber surface using catalyst dip-coating and water-assisted chemical vapor deposition (WACVD) to enable a strong nanotube–substrate adhesion. − By optimizing the catalyst type and deposition method and CNT growth time, the desired fuzzy fiber morphology of densely packed curly, curvy CNTs is achieved to maximize the fiber’s intertwining and grasping capabilities. This ability to specifically and easily optimize the growth of CNTs on fiber has been well documented. − The CNT–SiCF is characterized and mechanically tested to show the ability of this “fuzzy fiber” morphology to significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the fiber and composite as well as to exhibit the superior nanotube–fiber adhesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velcro-Inspired SiC Fuzzy Fibers for Aerospace Applications

Hart

Koizumi

Hamel

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The most recent and innovative silicon carbide (SiC) fiber ceramic matrix composites, used for lightweight high-heat engine parts in aerospace applications, are woven, layered, and then surrounded by a SiC ceramic matrix composite (CMC). To further improve both the mechanical properties and thermal and oxidative resistance abilities of this material, SiC nanotubes and nanowires (SiCNT/NWs) are grown on the surface of the SiC fiber via carbon nanotube conversion. This conversion utilizes the shape memory synthesis (SMS) method, starting with carbon nanotube (CNT) growth on the SiC fiber surface, to capitalize on the ease of dense surface morphology optimization and the ability to effectively engineer the CNT-SiC fiber interface to create a secure nanotube-fiber attachment. Then, by converting the CNTs to SiCNT/NWs, the relative morphology, advantageous mechanical properties, and secure connection of the initial CNT-SiC fiber architecture are retained, with the addition of high temperature and oxidation resistance. The resultant SiCNT/NW-SiC fiber can be used inside the SiC ceramic matrix composite for a high-heat turbo engine part with longer fatigue life and higher temperature resistance. The differing sides of the woven SiCNT/NWs act as the "hook and loop" mechanism of Velcro but in much smaller scale.

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Mechano-chemical stabilization of three-dimensional carbon nanotube aggregates

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Electronic, optical and thermal properties of highly stretchable 2D carbon Ene-yne graphyne

Electronic, optical and thermal properties of highly stretchable 2D carbon Ene-yne graphyne

Self‐Stiffening Behavior of Reinforced Carbon Nanotubes Spheres

Velcro-Inspired SiC Fuzzy Fibers for Aerospace Applications

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