Mechano Heterocyclic Chemistry: Grinding and Ball Mills∗

Renewing accessible heptazine chemistry: 2,5,8-tris(3,5-diethyl-pyrazolyl)-heptazine, a new highly soluble heptazine derivative with exchangeable groups, and examples of newly derived heptazines and their physical chemistry

“…Therefore, we found it more convenient to use the carefully dried crude trihydrazinoheptazine. Since mechanochemistry has been recently demonstrated to improve the facileness and the yields in organic synthesis,24–27 especially in heterocyclic synthesis,28,29 we developed a mechanochemical route for preparing 1 . The trihydrazinoheptazine is reacted with 3,5-heptanedione to provide the desired 2,5,8-tris(3,5-diethyl-pyrazolyl)-heptazine 1 using mechanochemistry (see Synthesis details in the ESI section†).…”

Synthesis of N-Containing Heterocycles via Mechanochemical Grinding and Conventional Techniques

“…The IR spectra were recorded on FTIR Maltson (infinity series) spectrophotometer as KBr discs. The 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra were measured on Varian Gemini 300 MHz spectrometer, with chemical shift (δ) expressed in ppm downfield from TMS as internal standard, in CDCl 3 or DMSO-d 6 . Mass spectra were determined on Shimadzu GC-MSQP 1000 EX instrument operating at 70 eV.…”

“…Recently, mechanochemistry offers a cleaner, more efficient alternative to a majority of conventional transformations [5], however, mechano heterocyclic chemistry (MHC) [5,6] draws the attention of heterocyclic chemists towards the uses of grindstone technique in green efficient synthesis of many heterocyclic systems [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Recyclable heterogeneous metal foil-catalyzed cyclopropenation of alkynes and diazoacetates under solvent-free mechanochemical reaction conditions

“…73,74 This ancient synthetic method has been extensively used over the past century for the formation of new macromolecular products, metal-organic frameworks, compositions and cocrystals by grinding, extrusive and milling forces from poorly soluble solid-solid, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid inorganic reactants. [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91] Mechanochemical methods have also been utilized for the dehalogenation of pollutants that are resistant to degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes. [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] In recent years, solvent-free mechanochemistry has emerged as a 'green' alternative to the unsustainable use of petroleum-based solvents in classic organic chemistry transformations.…”