Mechanobiology of tendon

Wang, James H.‐C.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.05.011

Cited by 777 publications

(783 citation statements)

References 239 publications

(230 reference statements)

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“…Although the exact amounts of both PGE 2 and LTB 4 in inflamed tendons are not known, their levels are markedly increased when tendons or tendon fibroblasts are subjected to repetitive mechanical loading conditions (Langberg et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004). These data suggest that PGE 2 and LTB 4 may play a role in tendon degeneration, the late stages of tendinopathy (Wang, 2005). Tendon degeneration refers to degenerative changes in tendon matrix and is carried out by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (Riley, 2005a,b), which are a group of enzymes essential for matrix turnover Fingleton and Matrisian, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leukotriene B4 at low dosage negates the catabolic effect of prostaglandin E2 in human patellar tendon fibroblasts

Thampatty¹,

Im²,

Wang³

2006

Gene

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Tendinopathy often involves inflammation and matrix degeneration. The inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) are implicated in the development of tendinopathy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PGE 2 and LTB 4 on the proliferation of human patellar tendon fibroblasts (HPTFs), the gene expression of collagen type I, MMP-1 and MMP-3, as well as the protein secretion of these gene products by the cells. The results showed that LTB 4 at low doses (0.1 and 1 nM) significantly increased cell proliferation compared to controls and LTB 4 at 0.1 nM negated the PGE 2 -induced decrease in cell proliferation. In addition, PGE 2 at 100 ng/ml significantly increased the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 at both mRNA and protein levels. These stimulatory effects were significantly diminished by co-treatment with LTB 4 at 0.1 nM. Finally, neither PGE 2 nor LTB 4 treatment affected collagen type I gene expression. These results suggest that low levels of LTB 4 counterbalance the negative effects mediated by PGE 2 on tendon fibroblast proliferation and MMP production, which may lead to matrix degradation. Thus, our findings suggest that although LTB 4 is generally thought to be pathogenic, low levels of LTB 4 are actually beneficial in maintaining tendon tissue homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leukotriene B4 at low dosage negates the catabolic effect of prostaglandin E2 in human patellar tendon fibroblasts

Thampatty¹,

Im²,

Wang³

2006

Gene

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“…It is known that ECM fibroblasts release different growth factors and can synthesize collagen in response to different challenges (Midwood et al, 2004;Wang, 2006;Aro et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Process Induced by Carrageenan in Adjacent Tissue Triggers the Acute Inflammation in Deep Digital Flexor Tendon of Rats

Vieira

Aro

Guerra

et al. 2013

The Anatomical Record

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Tendinopathy is a pathology found mainly in the rotator cuff, patellar, Achilles and flexor tendons. Tendinopathy is a significant impediment to performance in athletes and in workers in the labor market. Some studies have indicated that inflammation in adjacent tissues may affect the rotator cuff and Achilles tendon. In this study alterations were verified in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the deep digital flexor tendon after two periods (12 and 24 hr) of induction inflammation in rat paw. Wistar rats were divided into three groups: those that received injection of 1% carrageenan; those that received 0.9% NaCl; and those that received no application. The tendon was divided into distal (d), proximal (p), and intermediate (i) regions. Biochemical analyses were performed and included non-collagenous proteins (NCP), glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), hydroxyproline (HoPro) and metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Tissue sections were stained with toluidine blue, hematoxylin-eosin, and Ponceau SS and observed under polarization microscopy. Remarkable results were detected that included the presence of MMP-9, degradation of NCP and GAG and the presence of cellular infiltrate closer to digits in d region. The different concentrations of HoPro, as well as alterations in the organization of the collagen fibers showed the collagenous matrix undergoing some alterations. The results indicated that the induced inflammation in rat paw exhibited characteristics similar to the typical acute inflammatory process observed in tendons.

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“…Displacements x1 and x2 (in mm) are calculated from the displacements measured from Gait Laboratory experiments. In more detail, lGM, lGM0, lAT and lAT0 (in mm) are known from the displacements captured in the experiments and computed from equations (1)- (6). Assuming zero initial conditions:…”

Section: Response Of the Active Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inversion of the heel, as well as plantar flexion, are produced by these forces when they pass through the ankle and the subtalar joints. Thus, movement in the subtalar joints and the ankle is created [6]. The mechanical properties of the Achilles tendon allow it to store and transmit elastic strain energy during fast locomotion and other movements [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to define stress and strain in the Achilles tendon and acquire information about its loading during motion, mathematical models have been developed and experiments using the methods of ultrasound and motion capture have been used to directly measure tendon length changes during dynamic movements [6,7,[11][12][13]. Yet, there is vast agreement between all authors that it is a very challenging task to model the Achilles tendon correctly due to the difficulties bestowed when representing its structure, material properties, kinetics and mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mathematical model characterising Achilles tendon dynamics in flexion

Chatzistefani

Chappell

Hutchinson

et al. 2017

Mathematical Biosciences

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Abstract:The purpose of this study is to acquire mechanistic knowledge of the gastrocnemius muscleAchilles tendon complex behaviour during specific movements in humans through mathematical modelling. Analysis of this muscle-tendon complex was performed to see if already existing muscle-tendon models of other parts of the body could be applied to the leg muscles, especially the gastrocnemius muscleAchilles tendon complex, and whether they could adequately characterise its behaviour. Five healthy volunteers were asked to take part in experiments where dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot were studied. A model of the Achilles tendon-gastrocnemius muscle was developed, incorporating assumptions regarding the mechanical properties of the muscle fibres and the tendinous tissue in series. Ultrasound images of the volunteers, direct measurements and additional mathematical calculations were used to parameterise the model. Ground reaction forces, forces on specific joints and moments and angles for the ankle were obtained from a Vicon 3D motion capture system. Model validation was performed from the experimental data captured for each volunteer and from reconstruction of the movements of specific trajectories of the joints, muscles and tendons involved in those movements.

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Mechanobiology of tendon

Cited by 777 publications

References 239 publications

Leukotriene B4 at low dosage negates the catabolic effect of prostaglandin E2 in human patellar tendon fibroblasts

Leukotriene B4 at low dosage negates the catabolic effect of prostaglandin E2 in human patellar tendon fibroblasts

Inflammatory Process Induced by Carrageenan in Adjacent Tissue Triggers the Acute Inflammation in Deep Digital Flexor Tendon of Rats

A mathematical model characterising Achilles tendon dynamics in flexion

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