Mechanochemical production of lignin-containing powder fuels from biotechnical industry waste: A review

Abstract

In biotechnological processing of plant raw materials, carbohydrates that are soluble and accessible for microorganisms are the only usable components. The lignin-rich part of the plant raw materials usually ends up in the waste. Lignin transferred into water suspensions cannot be used efficiently as a fuel. In this review, a new processing scheme of plant raw materials is presented, which includes mechanochemical treatment of the plant raw materials and separation of the powder product into particles of lignified and non-lignified tissues rich in lignin and cellulose, respectively. The cellulose-rich powders can then be used in biotechnological processes. Lignin-rich powder aerodynamically separated using cyclone-type apparatus can be used as a powder fuel to satisfy the needs of the main biotechnological plant in heat and steam.

Aging of mechanically activated wood: Effect on the burning ability

“…Our earlier studies have shown that the calorific value of wood [21] and the amount of volatile products of thermal destruction [10] depend on lignin content in wood. Jeschke et al [22] studied the early stages of lignin pyrolysis and revealed that the release of monomeric units into the gas phase occurs simultaneously with increasing EPR signal intensity in the solid residue.…”

“…In rough approximation, mechanical activation is used to increase the rate of heterogeneous chemical reactions by increasing the reaction surface. In addition, however, deep mechanical treatment significantly alters the feedstock microstructure [8] and then can be used as the driving force of mechanochemical processes [9,10].…”

Current achievements in the mechanically pretreated conversion of plant biomass

“…A direct relationship between the dispersity and process rate is observed in the case of the heterogeneous solid–gas reaction proceeding during the combustion of fine lignocellulose fuel (Lomovsky, Bychkov, Lomovsky, Logvinenko, & Burdukov, ; Luo, Xiao, Hu, Liu, & He, ; Piriou, Vaitilingom, Veyssière, Cuq, & Rouau, ; Zhou et al, ). An increase in transfer processes by a factor of several units is possible due to an increase in the reactive surface area and a decrease in the activation energy of oxidation reactions.…”

The Effective Use of Straw Crops as Feedstock for the Complex Processing into Biofuel

“…Таким образом, солома зерновых культур может рассматриваться как источник получения двух ценных товарных продуктов -углеводов (прежде всего целлюлозы) для пищевой, биотехнологической, химической промышленности и лигнина для энергетических нужд. Такое комплексное использование растительной биомассы позволит повысить его эффективность [7,8].…”