Mechanochemistry and sonochemistry: concluding remarks

Abstract

This paper offers a perspective on mechanochemistry and offers summarizing commentary on the Faraday Discussion 170, "Mechanochemistry: From Functional Solids to Single Molecules". The connection between the mechanical and the chemical worlds dates back to our earliest written records and beyond, but its renaissance over the past decade or so has had an impact on a huge swathe of modern science and engineering: from metallurgists to polymer scientists to synthetic organic and inorganic chemists to cellular biologists. Connections among the different subfields of mechanochemistry (tribochemistry, trituration, macromolecular, and sonochemistry) are drawn out and the common themes and open questions are considered.

Ultrasonic hammer produces hot spots in solids

“…T he connection between the mechanical and the chemical worlds has both historical roots 1 and recent resurgence [2][3][4][5] . The concentration and conversion of diffuse mechanical energy at spatially confined regions of micrometre or even nanometre scale can result in intense localized heating (that is, formation of hot spots), especially in liquids and gels [6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Interplay Between Mechanochemistry and Sonochemistry

“…As a leading sonochemist [9], who was paraphrasing Churchill, once said; sonochemists and mechanochemists are one people separated by a common phenomenon. This phenomenon is obviously the conversion of mechanical energy into chemistry, which includes a vast territory of applications worthy of exploration.…”

“…This chapter aims to describe the mechanical bias of cavitational effects and how they are related to conventional mechanochemistry and force-induced physical fields in general. This subject has been well documented over the last decade [5][6][7][8][9], and particular attention has been paid to scenarios such as mechanically responsive polymers [10][11][12], micro-and nano-structured materials [13][14][15], and sonocrystallization [16], which are all expected to have a major impact on the fabrication of novel and smart materials as well as the pharmaceutical industry. Although we shall briefly mention these past achievements, our goal is to focus on the aspects of sono-mechanochemistry that have been overlooked in recent thematic issues.…”

Numerical Simulation of a Pulsating Flow Generated in an Ejector

“…Numerical simulation results are presented in Table 2 and graphically shown in Figs. [3][4][5]. Parameter values of the whole flow model were calculated, rather than of specific sections or points.…”

“…However, the method is poorly studied theoretically. Acoustic wave propagation in different media is a very complex phenomenon which is accompanied by different processes, such as cavitation [1], shock waves, microflows, sonochemistry [2,3], and sonoluminescence [4]. These processes take place at the same time and also interact with each other.…”