Mechanochromic Polymers as Stress‐sensing Soft Materials

Aoki, Daisuke; Otsuka, Hideyuki

doi:10.1002/9783527822201.ch12

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The incorporation of dynamic covalent bonds with the ability of selective cleavage and color change upon applying a mechanical force is considered as an important approach toward designing damage reporting materials and also provides fundamental understanding of stress and degradation at the molecular level. Molecules with the ability to change color upon insertion of a mechanical force are known as mechanochromophores as also discussed in Section above. ,, …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecules with the ability to change color upon insertion of a mechanical force are known as mechanochromophores as also discussed in Section 4 above. 37,39,146 Urethane-based gels containing DABBF moieties have been developed for detection of mechanical forces induced by freeze and thaw through FIM. 120 The swollen cross-linked gel changed color from uncolored to brilliant blue upon freezing, while the blue color completely disappeared upon heating to room temperature.…”

Section: Mechanochromic Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Covalent adaptable hydrogels with the ability of self-healing and structural reorganization upon cytocompatible light irradiation, i.e., low dose or visible/NIR irradiation, display great potency for application as pseudoliving biomaterials, where they provide a safe microenvironment for reversible protein binding and release, cell culturing, and lithography applications. , In addition, temperature-responsive bonds with the ability of homolytic dissociation could be used to induce radical recombination and AFCT reactions for the preparation of self-healing polymers. However, the often high temperatures that are required to induce bond dissociation can limit their application in biorelated applications. − In addition, the color changes resulting from bond dissociation in hydrogels containing mechano-responsive bonds is an appealing feature that has been used for the development of mechano-responsive hydrogels for damage detection, enabling replacement or repair of the damaged material before its failure. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36−38 In addition, the color changes resulting from bond dissociation in hydrogels containing mechano-responsive bonds is an appealing feature that has been used for the development of mechanoresponsive hydrogels for damage detection, enabling replacement or repair of the damaged material before its failure. 37,39 In this review, a comprehensive overview is provided of covalent adaptable hydrogels based on homolytically cleavable light-, temperature-, and mechano-responsive dynamic covalent bonds. Light-cleavable dynamic covalent bonds are discussed in detail, since light is nondestructive, easy available, and low in cost and can be applied locally and externally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimuli-Responsive Covalent Adaptable Hydrogels Based on Homolytic Bond Dissociation and Chain Transfer Reactions

et al. 2022

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Covalent adaptable hydrogels containing dynamic covalent bonds are gaining significant interest based on their ability of stimuli-controlled reversible bond dissociation, structural reorganization, color change, and self-healing through covalent bond exchange or dissociation. Potential applications of such hydrogels have been explored in coatings, sealants, tissue adhesives, soft robotics, tissue engineering, and stimuli-responsive lithography. Stimuli-induced homolytic bond cleavage leads to the formation of radicals with the ability of recombination or transfer to induce bond exchange and color variation. The incorporation of such stimuli-responsive homolytically cleavable bonds in hydrogels can lead to stimuli-controlled plasticity, stress relaxation, self-healing, structural reorganization, mechanochromism, and mechanoluminescence. The resultant smart materials are interesting for different applications, ranging from patterning and shape-shifting, cell encapsulation and culturing, and protein binding to strain sensing and damage reporting. The recent progress in the preparation of covalently adaptable hydrogels based on stimuli-responsive homolytical bond dissociation and recombination or chain transfer will be discussed in this review. More specifically, the different types of chemistry that can be used for development of covalent adaptable hydrogels based on light-induced, temperature-induced, and mechanically induced homolytic bond dissociation will be discussed. Moreover, the applications of the resultant covalent adaptable hydrogels will be highlighted, focusing on stress sensing and damage reporting, tissue engineering, and self-healable hydrogels, as well as stimuli-controlled patterning and shape-shifting.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanochromic Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimuli-Responsive Covalent Adaptable Hydrogels Based on Homolytic Bond Dissociation and Chain Transfer Reactions

et al. 2022

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“…To date, optomechanistic research of large-scale damage sensing has predominantly focused on incorporating mechanochromic compounds for strain sensing of neutral polymeric systems. − Many studies ranging from use of neutral mechanochromic sensors that rely on aggregation-induced emission processes (AIE) and , dynamic covalent bond alterations, − among others, , have been evaluated for sensing. Weder and coworkers have reported an encapsulated solvatochromic dye as a probe to provide optical information based on polarity changes from surrounding polymer damage .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent Ionic Probe for Determination of Mechanical Properties of Healed Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) Ionomer Films

Ayala

Pérez

Mathaga

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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In recent years, advanced materials with properties resembling biological systems, particularly artificial muscles, have received intense scrutiny. This is because the interesting conformational shape characteristics of such materials have benefited a variety of technologies, including textiles, 3D printing, and medical devices. Although a multitude of shape memory properties have been studied and developed in recent years, self-healing of these polymers after puncture or rupture has also become a major area of study. Most techniques for detection of such processes are mechanically based and require considerable hands-on monitoring. Thus, a rapid visual detection method for self-healing is highly desirable. Herein, we describe fluorescence studies for rapid detection of self-healing properties of a partially neutralized sodium ionomer poly(ethylene- co -methacrylic acid) (PEMA). In this study, two different fluorophores, parent non-ionic 4,6-dipyrenylpyrimidine and ionic 4,6-dipyrenylpyrimidinium iodide fluorophores, were evaluated as possible sensors of self-healing. Incorporation of these probes via solution blending and compatibility into a PEMA of these fluorophores were evaluated. Thermal characterizations using differential scanning calorimetry were also performed to elucidate physical characteristics of healed sites. Ratiometric fluorescence emission variations were explored within puncture-healed ionomer films and related to Young’s modulus properties with good linearity, indicating potential utility of this approach for monitoring elastic modulus properties after healing has occurred. Further statistical analyses of mechanical processes using quadratic discriminant analysis resulted in development of several highly accurate predictive models for determining time since damage healing.

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Light-driven modulation of electrical conductance with photochromic switches: bridging photochemistry with optoelectronics

Chatterjee,

Molla,

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Chem. Commun.

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Mechanochromic Polymers as Stress‐sensing Soft Materials

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Stimuli-Responsive Covalent Adaptable Hydrogels Based on Homolytic Bond Dissociation and Chain Transfer Reactions

Stimuli-Responsive Covalent Adaptable Hydrogels Based on Homolytic Bond Dissociation and Chain Transfer Reactions

Fluorescent Ionic Probe for Determination of Mechanical Properties of Healed Poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) Ionomer Films

Light-driven modulation of electrical conductance with photochromic switches: bridging photochemistry with optoelectronics

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