Mechanoregulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cancer therapy

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs), first developed in the 1990s, have been applied in numerous biomedical fields such as tissue engineering and therapeutic drug development. In recent years, TiO 2 -based drug delivery systems have demonstrated the ability to decrease the risk of tumorigenesis and improve cancer therapy. There is increasing research on the origin and effects of pristine and doped TiO 2 -based nanotherapeutic drugs. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which drug delivery to cancer cells alters sensing of gene mutations, protein degradation, and metabolite changes as well as its associated cumulative effects that determine the microenvironmental mechanosensitive metabolism have not yet been clearly elucidated. This review focuses on the microenvironmental influence of TiO 2 -NPs induced various mechanical stimuli on tumor cells. The differential expression of genome, proteome, and metabolome after treatment with TiO 2 -NPs is summarized and discussed. In the tumor microenvironment, mechanosensitive DNA mutations, gene delivery, protein degradation, inflammatory responses, and cell viability affected by the mechanical stimuli of TiO 2 -NPs are also examined.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: Prospects and Applications in Medicine

“…Potential solution to both problems may be the use of nanoparticles and the combination of chemotherapy with photodynamic therapy or photothermal therapy ( Figure 6). Titania nanoparticles offer significant advantages in this field, enabling efficient delivery of the drug molecules, and thus better pharmacokinetics, and their targeted delivery [81,82]. Inorganic photosensitizers, including TiO 2 NPs, similarly to organic photosensitizers, can be used for PDT, which was presented above.…”

Microcellular Environmental Regulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: A Critical Review

“…This review aimed to deliver a comprehensive view of AgNPs for diagnostics and therapeutic treatment of several cancer genomes and metabolomes from multi-omics technology (i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics). The multi-omics sciences have globally matured to target structural, molecular, and phenotypic changes in systems biology [142,143]. Here, we have carefully accounted for the variability of several genomes, proteomes, and metabolomes which are mostly highly listed in terms of AgNPs-based targeting therapy in tumor microenvironmental locations.…”

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles – Prospects and Applications in Medicine

“…Potential solution to both problems may be the use of nanoparticles and the combination of chemotherapy with photodynamic therapy or photothermal therapy ( Figure 6). Titania nanoparticles offer significant advantages in this field, enabling efficient delivery of the drug molecules, and thus better pharmacokinetics, and their targeted delivery [82,83]. Figure 6.…”