Media used in the detection and enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus

Baird, R M; Lee, W.H.

doi:10.1016/0168-1605(93)e0028-p

Cited by 71 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This protocol was designed for environmental samples and included parallel arms for nonselective and methicillin-resistance-selective culture. Isolates that demonstrated tellurite reduction and lecithinase activity on Baird-Parker agar were presumptively identified as coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) (11). Personnel performing the CHROMagar and broth-enrichment protocols were blinded to results from the other protocol.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Culture-Based Methods for Identification of Colonization with Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in the Context of Cocolonization

Davis

Carroll

et al. 2016

J Clin Microbiol

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h Two screening methods to detect staphylococcal colonization in humans were compared. Direct plating to CHROMagar (BD Diagnostics) was compared to a broth preenrichment followed by plating to Baird-Parker agar. The broth-enrichment method was comparable to CHROMagar for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas (MRSA) detection, but the enrichment method was optimum for recovery of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. Patients with community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and their household companions often develop recurrent episodes of MRSA infection. Cyclical reinfection within households, potentially driven by environmental or animal reservoirs, contributes to the burden of MRSA infection (1). Culture of specific organisms from the environment typically requires enrichment or other selection methods to address contamination with nontarget bacteria (2, 3). Methods that allow culture of Staphylococcus spp. other than S. aureus are critical to assess cocolonization outcomes and the presence of animalassociated staphylococci, given the potential role for these microbiota to modulate colonization by pathogens (4). Currently, the culture-based screening methods to identify S. aureus from human samples are generally different from methods for environmental or animal samples. Use of the same culture method for all types of samples (human, environmental, animal) would enhance the comparability of results. However, methods designed for environmental and animal specimens may not be optimal for use on human samples. The aim of this study was to compare a method to screen for MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) using CHROMagar media (5) with a broth-enrichment method, used on the same specimens, that was optimized to detect methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococci from environmental and animal specimens (2, 6).(Portions of this work were presented at the Consortium of Universities for Global Health conference [7] and the 2015 ASM-ESCMID Conference on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci in Animals.)Index participants with MRSA skin or soft tissue infection (SSTI) and their household members were recruited as part of a three-arm nonblinded, randomized, controlled trial (NCT00966446), i.e., the Commonwealth Universal Research Enhancement (CURE) trial (8). This trial evaluated the effect of two similar householdwide decolonization protocols using nasal mupirocin ointment and chlorhexidine body wash versus education control on human MRSA colonization. A subset of these households participated in a nested evaluation of home environments and companion animals, i.e., the Pets and Environmental Transmission of Staphylococci (PETS) study (6, 9). Two home visits were conducted at a 3-month interval; randomization and treatment occurred between these visits. People sampled themselves using Copan ESwabs (Copan Diagnostics, Murrieta, CA) at (i) both nares and (ii) axillae and groin creases (pooled, referred to as the skin site). Index patients submitted a third E...

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Comparison of Culture-Based Methods for Identification of Colonization with Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in the Context of Cocolonization

Davis

Carroll

et al. 2016

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Enrichments of field blank swabs resulted in no growth. An aliquot (100 ml) from each turbid culture was inoculated onto Baird-Parker agar (Remel Inc., Lenexa, KS, USA), a selective medium used to isolate putative Staphylococcus spp (Baird and Lee, 1995). Forty-five colonies exhibiting morphology common to Staphylococcus spp (convex, shiny, black colonies) were randomly selected from among all positive enrichments.…”

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Public computer surfaces are reservoirs for methicillin-resistant staphylococci

2007

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The role of computer keyboards used by students of a metropolitan university as reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci was determined. Putative methicillin (oxacillin)-resistant staphylococci isolates were identified from keyboard swabs following a combination of biochemical and genetic analyses. Of 24 keyboards surveyed, 17 were contaminated with staphylococci that grew in the presence of oxacillin (2 mg l À1 ). Methicillin (oxacillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), -S. epidermidis (MRSE) and -S. hominis (MRSH) were present on two, five and two keyboards, respectively, while all three staphylococci co-contaminated one keyboard. Furthermore, these were found to be part of a greater community of oxacillin-resistant bacteria. Combined with the broad user base common to public computers, the presence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci on keyboard surfaces might impact the transmission and prevalence of pathogens throughout the community.

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“…In this study, the TEMPO STA which is intended for enumeration of CPS in 24 h in foods (Anonymous, 2009) was compared to BP agar which is the most cited medium in reference methods for CPS enumeration in food microbiology (Baird and Lee, 1995;Fedio et al, 2008). Although the primer validation study of TEMPO STA was performed by both AOAC Research Institute (AOAC, 2009) and AFNOR (AFNOR, 2010), results of additional method evaluation studies performed by TEMPO users can offer valuable information to food laboratories.…”

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Evaluation of TEMPO STA for the Enumeration of Coagulase-positive Staphylococci in Cheese

Torlak¹,

Akan

2012

FSTR

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TEMPO STA is based on traditional most probable number technique and is a test for use with the TEMPO system for an automated enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci in 24 h in food products. In this study, TEMPO STA was compared with Baird-Parker (BP) agar which is the most cited medium in reference methods for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci in cheese. A method comparisons study was conducted both artificially and naturally contaminated cheese samples. Pearson correlation coefficients were determined as 0.875 and 0.897 between the two methods for naturally and artificially contaminated samples, respectively. In general, absolute differences did not exceed one log between results obtained by the two methods. According to intra-laboratory reproducibility standard deviation of two methods, TEMPO STA was more precise than BP agar. The results of this study showed that TEMPO STA is an efficient alternative method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci in cheese.Keywords: coagulase-positive staphylococci, TEMPO STA, Baird-Parker agar, method comparison, cheese *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: torlakemrah@yahoo.com IntroductionSeveral mass outbreaks of food-borne diseases especially related to dairy products showed that food-borne disease outbreaks have become an important risk for public health (Greig and Ravel 2009;Tauxe et al., 2010). The burden of foodborne diseases on the economy is also substantial (Scharff et al., 2009). In spite of the increase in the number of food companies that implemented the HACCP system, the incidence of food-borne diseases in many development countries is increasing especially due to the increase in production and distribution capabilities of the food industry (WHO, 2003).Staphylococcal food poisoning is one of the most common food-borne diseases throughout the world resulting from the consumption of foods containing sufficient amounts of preformed staphylococcal enterotoxins by enterotoxigenic strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS). It is mainly concerned with Staphylococcus aureus, but also with S. intermedius and certain strains of S. hyicus (Balaban and Rasooly, 2000;Le Loir et al., 2003;Argudin et al., 2010). For S. aureus strains, there is a high correlation (93% to 100%) between coagulase production and the production of enterotoxins (Martin and Myers, 1994).Although the Baird-Parker (BP) agar was first introduced in 1962 by Baird-Parker (Baird-Parker, 1962), this medium is still widely used by food microbiology laboratories, especially official laboratories, for enumeration of CPS. First part of the current ISO standard (ISO, 1999) describes the use of BP agar for enumeration of CPS in foods with the plate count technique. A further confirmation step is necessary to detect coagulase activity in BP agar method. The selectivity of the BP agar is due to lithium chloride and potassium tellurite solution, suppressing growth of organisms other than staphylococci. The differentiation of CPS is performed by pot...

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Media used in the detection and enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 71 publications

References 32 publications

Comparison of Culture-Based Methods for Identification of Colonization with Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in the Context of Cocolonization

Comparison of Culture-Based Methods for Identification of Colonization with Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in the Context of Cocolonization

Public computer surfaces are reservoirs for methicillin-resistant staphylococci

Evaluation of TEMPO STA for the Enumeration of Coagulase-positive Staphylococci in Cheese

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