Median nerve sensory responses evoked by tactile stimulation of the finger proximal and distal phalanx in normal subjects

Caruso, Giuseppe; Nolano, Maria; Lullo, F.; Crisci, C.; Nilsson, Jan; Massini, Riccardo

doi:10.1002/mus.880170303

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…12 According to a classic microneurographic study by Johansson and Vallbo, 6 the density of rapidly adapting Meissner units was highest at the fingertip, moderate at the finger base, and lowest at the thenar eminence. In relative terms, the density of Meissner corpuscles was 45% lower at PP than at FT, and 82% lower at Pm than at FT. 6 Recently, in histological studies Caruso et al 5 found that the density of Meissner corpuscles was considerably greater in the distal phalanx than in the proximal phalanx. The Pacinian corpuscles were more evenly distributed, although there was a more variable and lower density at the Pm than at the FT and PP.…”

Section: Sources Of Errormentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensory potentials evoked by tactile stimulation of different indentation velocities at the finger and palm

Baba¹,

Simonetti²,

Krarup³

2001

Muscle and Nerve

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Previous studies suggest that the rate of indentation of a tactile probe determines which skin mechanoreceptors are activated. To further investigate this possibility, indentations of 300 microm at velocities of 100 (T100) and 400 microm/ms (T400) were applied to the tip (FT) and the proximal phalanx of digit III (PP) and the thenar eminence (Pm) of ten healthy volunteers, and compared with responses after electrical stimulation at the FT. Compound sensory action potentials (CSAPs) were recorded from the median nerve through needle electrodes at the wrist and elbow. The maximal sensory conduction velocities (SNCVs) between wrist and elbow were similar with electrical and T400 stimulation, but on average were 15% lower with T100 stimulation (P < 0.001). With both indentation velocities, SNCVs were similar regardless of stimulation sites. Amplitudes of tactile CSAPs with FT stimulation were 1--2 microV at T400 and 0.3--0.4 microV at T100. The CSAP areas evoked by T100 stimulation showed a reduction from fingertip to proximal finger to palm (P < 0.05-0.005), whereas those obtained with T400 stimulation showed a reduction only at the palm (P < 0.05). The results support previous studies indicating that fast indentation at 400 microm/ms activated deeply placed Pacinian corpuscles as well as superficially situated Meissner corpuscles, whereas slower indentation at 100 microm/ms activated primarily Meissner corpuscles.

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Section: Sources Of Errormentioning

confidence: 98%

Sensory potentials evoked by tactile stimulation of different indentation velocities at the finger and palm

Baba¹,

Simonetti²,

Krarup³

2001

Muscle and Nerve

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“…In humans, RA receptors are concentrated at the distal ends of digits I-III (Johansson, 1978;Johansson and Vallbo, 1979), where tactile acuity is greatest (Caruso et al, 1994). MC densities range from 5.4 mm Ϫ2 in the thenar eminence to 33 Ϯ 13 and 24 Ϯ 10 mm Ϫ2 in the pads of digits III and V, respectively (Bolton et al, 1966;Nolano et al, 2003).…”

Section: Distribution and Adaptive Significance Of Meissner Corpusclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meissner corpuscles and somatosensory acuity: The prehensile appendages of primates and elephants

2004

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Meissner corpuscles (MCs) are specialized mechanoreceptors located exclusively in the papillae of glabrous skin. They are confined largely to cutaneous pads of the extremities and respond to transient, phasic, or vibratory stimuli. Though absent in most eutherian taxa, MCs are reported in all primates studied, being most developed in modern humans. The location of MCs between the internal ridges of the epidermis indicates they are well situated to detect friction or deformation at the external surface. Accordingly, MCs are hypothesized to provide primates generally with an enhanced tactile perception. However, the selective pressures favoring greater somatosensory acuity in primates are seldom considered. Interestingly, primate digital dexterity varies greatly. In general, dexterity improves with the extent to which foraging requires food manipulation or textural evaluation. This observation implies that MC density could vary accordingly. Here we report on the density of MCs in five anthropoid taxa selected to represent diverse dietary regimes. Results show that greater MC density correlates with the extent to which primates are frugivorous; however, locomotor and/or phylogenetic effects cannot be discounted.

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“…As in previous studies 6,7,11,12,28 the tactile CSAPs were polyphasic in shape due to asynchronous firing, and the peak-to-peak amplitudes could therefore differ if the indentation velocities caused changes in synchronization of firing rather than in the number of activated fibers. In order to partially compensate for this possibility we rectified and integrated the responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…20 The higher maximal SNCVs at T400 than at T100 stimulation was in accordance with previous studies. 11,12,28 The different SNCVs strongly indicated that different populations of receptors reacted to the different indentation velocities. It seems likely that receptors were activated at T400 stimulation which were not activated at T100 stimulation.…”

Section: Activation Of Different Mechanoreceptors By Differ-mentioning

confidence: 97%

Different indentation velocities activate different populations of mechanoreceptors in humans

1998

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We have examined whether different skin machanoreceptors are activated by different indentation velocities of a tactile probe. Indentations of 300 μm at velocities of 100 and 400 μm/ms were applied at the dorsolateral side of the foot and at the tip of digit III. Compound sensory action potentials (CSAPs) were recorded from the sural and median nerves, respectively. The amplitudes of the tactile CSAPs were <1–2 μV, and less than 15% of the CSAPs evoked by electrical stimulation. The areas of the polyphasic tactile CSAPs were 35–38% smaller at 100 μm/ms than at 400 μm/ms. The maximal sensory nerve conduction velocities (SNCVs) were higher in the median than in the sural nerves. In both nerves, the SNCVs were similar at electrical and 400‐μm/ms tactile stimulation but 11–17% lower at 100‐μm/ms stimulation. Cocaine hydrochloride was applied iontophoretically at the dorsolateral side of the foot, causing a decrease of 50% of the CSAP evoked by 100 μm/ms but only 14% at 400 μm/ms. These studies suggested that indentation at 400 μm/ms activated mainly deeply placed (Pacini corpuscles) and to some extent superficial mechanoreceptors, whereas the 100‐μm/ms indentation activated primarily superficially situated receptors (Meissner corpuscles, and some slowly adapting units). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 21:858–868, 1998.

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Median nerve sensory responses evoked by tactile stimulation of the finger proximal and distal phalanx in normal subjects

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Sensory potentials evoked by tactile stimulation of different indentation velocities at the finger and palm

Sensory potentials evoked by tactile stimulation of different indentation velocities at the finger and palm

Meissner corpuscles and somatosensory acuity: The prehensile appendages of primates and elephants

Different indentation velocities activate different populations of mechanoreceptors in humans

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