Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting with Jugular-Subclavian Deep Vein Thrombosis as the First Presentation

Eltawansy, Sherif Ali; Rao, Mana; Ceniza, Sidney; Sharon, David

doi:10.1155/2015/929127

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The other known reasons for such an occurrence are otolaryngological infections, soft tissue infections around the neck, intravenous drug abuse, recent head/neck surgery, hypercoagulable states such as protein C or S deficiency, factor V Leiden, deficiency of antithrombin III, polycythemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Malignant neck masses may also precipitate IJVT (3). There are reported cases of IJVT secondary to a left upper lobe non-small cell lung cancer [7], a soft tissue infection in the vicinity of the internal jugular vein [8], and a deep neck lipoma [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three causes listed in Virchow's law that lead to thrombus formation-damage to blood vessels, a hypercoagulable state, and irregular blood flow. Both mechanical blood vessel compression caused by tumors and the production of thrombogenic substances can result in thrombus formation [ 3 ]. These two are the most likely causes for left IJVT in our patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GZL is more frequent in males aged 20-40 years [ 2 ]. It may or may not have mediastinal involvement, but in a mediastinal GZL, it can cause mechanical compression of the internal jugular vein and also produce thrombogenic substances that can lead to Internal jugular venous thrombosis (IJVT) and this can further lead to superior vena cava (SCV) syndrome [ 3 ]. These conditions should be identified early, or they can become medical emergencies [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis With Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare First Presentation of Gray Zone Lymphoma

Weeraddana¹,

Nepal²,

Saleh³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Gray zone lymphoma (GZL) is defined as a B-cell lymphoma with intermediate features between both diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). GZL is an aggressive disease, which in addition to the B-symptoms, can present as shortness of breath and neck swelling from underlying superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJVT) is rare and usually associated with head and neck infection, intravenous (IV) drug abuse, and central venous catheter placement. GZL's initial presentation as IJVT with SVC syndrome is very uncommon. We report the case of a 47-year-old female presenting with neck swelling and shortness of breath. Initial investigations were oriented at the thyroid gland. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of the chest, neck, and head showed a large anterior/superior mediastinal soft tissue mass with left IJVT. An excisional biopsy of the left axillary lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of GZL. The mediastinal lymphoma can compress the internal jugular vein and also release thrombogenic substances that can cause IJVT. The compression of the SVC by the lymphoma and the IJVT formation can cause SVC syndrome. Both of these conditions can be lifethreatening and should be identified in the early stages to prevent complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis With Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare First Presentation of Gray Zone Lymphoma

Weeraddana¹,

Nepal²,

Saleh³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Furthermore, Eltawansy et al (2015) had found that the malignancy had a causal relationship with deep vein thrombosis which can be secondary to the mechanical stress of the tumor on the venous system draining blood from the affected body part or it can a secondary systemic phenomenon of thrombogenic material released into the circulation from the tumorigenic network. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is found at autopsy in at least 50% of cancer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediastinal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Metastatic to Right Atrium Mimicking Right Atrial Myxoma

Khusnurrokhman

Wulandari

2021

FMI

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Highlight:A 32-year-old male patient suffered mediastinal non-hodgkin's lymphoma metastatic to the right atrium which mimicked right atrial myxoma.The patient died of suspected mediastinal NHL thromboembolism that spread in the right atrium. Abstract:In this case report, the anatomical pathology results in the form of B cell type LNH, but at the age of 32 years and the risk factor in this patient was a former active smoker. In the anatomical pathology results, the results of the B-High Grade Cell Type LNH were also obtained. B-cell type non-hodgkin’s lymphoma can be mutated in the MYC gene (v-myc avian myceloctomatosis viral oncogene homolog) and the BCL-2 and BCL-6 (B-cell lymphoma) genes. If this morphology is found, then the patient's prognosis is poor. Most of these patients were males and the incidence was in the mediastinal area. Mediastinal NHL could develop and enlarge to involve the heart and pericardium. The spread could occur directly and lymphogens. These metastatic tumors were often misdiagnosed with atrial myxoma. In this case report, exploration of the right atrium and open mediastinal biopsy was performed. An open biopsy of the mediastinum revealed a mediastinal mass that enlarged to enter the right atrium. Atrial myxoma was not found. Primary lymphoma growth could also occur in the heart. This condition was called primary cardiac lymphoid (PCL). This case was very rare and was often considered an atrial myxoma. The patient died 10 days after discharge from the hospital. While the patient was eating, the patient had a seizure and the patient was immediately taken to the emergency department of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, and entered the ER (Resuscitation) ER room, but the patient died after being assisted for approximately two hours. Most likely the cause of the patient's death was a thromboembolic tumor in the right atrium that was released, so that it entered the bloodstream of the brain, causing the patient to have seizures. It was suspected that the cause of the patient's death was the presence of a tumor thrombus that separated into an embolism from the right atrium due to the large size of the tumor. Patients suffering from high rate NHL had a greater percentage of suffering from tumor thromboembolism as many as 10.6% compared to the Low type and Hodgkins lymphoma (LH) (5.8% and 7.25%).

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“…15 He responded well to conservative treatment with warfarin. The prognosis of primary thyroid lymphoma is generally good.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Dyspnea on swallowing: a case of thyroid lymphoma

Lawal

Mohamad

Zawawi

et al. 2017

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Thyroid Hodgkin's lymphoma is infrequent occurrence that has four to one female preponderance. Most thyroid lymphomas are of B-cells lineage. In this case we present a primary Hodgkin's lymphoma in 45-year-old male patient who presented with gradual onset of upper airway obstructive symptoms. CT shows enlarged thyroid lobes with multiple nodal involvement and right internal jugular vein thrombosis. He was stridorous and was started on intravenous steroid. Right hemithyroidectomy was performed to alleviate the impinged airway as well as serving biopsy purpose. The histology confirmed diffuse B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. He responded well to treatment.

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Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting with Jugular-Subclavian Deep Vein Thrombosis as the First Presentation

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis With Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare First Presentation of Gray Zone Lymphoma

Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis With Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare First Presentation of Gray Zone Lymphoma

Mediastinal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Metastatic to Right Atrium Mimicking Right Atrial Myxoma

Dyspnea on swallowing: a case of thyroid lymphoma

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