Mediastinal cysts and tumors

Roux, B.T. Ie; Kallichurum, S; Shama, D.M.

doi:10.1016/0011-3840(84)90018-2

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Malignant GCT in the mediastinum accounts for 1–6% of all mediastinal tumors [ 9 ]. Primary extragonadal GCTs, especially primary mediastinal tumors, are considered to have poor prognosis [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study by Moran et al with 38 YST patients, the most common pattern observed was the reticular type, characterized by strands and cords of cells embedded in a myxoid or edematous stroma [ 12 ]. Yolk sac tumors secrete substances such as AFP, B-hCG, and cytokeratin (CEA), which can be measured in the serum [ 10 ]. Although extragonadal GCTs and mediastinal GCTs have similar histologic feature, they are clinically and biologically distinct from their testicular counterparts [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rare Case of Primary Anterior Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Elderly Adult Male

Nakhla

Sundararajan

2016

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

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Mediastinal germ cell tumors are extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCTs) commonly seen in children and young adults. They are more common in men. Clinically they are classified as teratomas, seminomas, and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Primary mediastinal yolk sac neoplasm is an extremely rare tumor. We present here a very rare case of primary yolk sac tumor of the anterior mediastinum in a 73-year-old male. Mediastinal germ cell tumors have a worse prognosis than gonadal germ cell tumors. Chemotherapy followed by adjuvant surgery improves overall response in EGGCTs. However, comorbidities can render treatment with chemotherapy and surgery challenging in elderly patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Primary Anterior Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Elderly Adult Male

Nakhla

Sundararajan

2016

Case Reports in Oncological Medicine

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“…138,139 The clinical/radiographic features are usually characteristic, so the presence of neural tissue should not cause confusion with teratoma in most cases.…”

Section: Cystic Meningocelementioning

confidence: 99%

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review With Emphasis on Pathologic Features, Clinical Prognostic Variables, and Differential Diagnostic Considerations

McKenney¹,

Heerema-McKenney²,

Rouse³

2007

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

227

245

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Extragonadal germ cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively uncommon, but represent 1% to 5% of all GCTs. Their morphology varies widely and includes mature teratoma, immature teratoma, seminoma, yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and mixed GCTs. Noncentral nervous system extragonadal GCTs are found in a variety of anatomic locations, but most commonly affect the mediastinum and sacrococcygeal region. Predicting behavior in these tumors can be confusing because it is based on a combination of varying factors including patient age, histologic subtype, anatomic site, and clinical stage. This review attempts to dissect these issues by separating the discussion into 3 age groups: neonatal (congenital), children (prepubertal), and adult (postpubertal). Within each individual age group, we cover the significance of anatomic site, morphology, and staging parameters. In addition, we discuss the spectrum of associated secondary malignancies and their impact on patient outcome. Finally, we provide a detailed survey of differential diagnostic considerations grouped by anatomic site.

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“…The use of radioactive iodine was contraindicated because it might aggravate the pre-existing tracheal compression. LeRoux et al (1984) reported that the acute airway obstruction could occur after the administration of radioactive iodine owing to temporary enlargement of the goiter (5,6). As reported by Warren (1979) and other authors, acute airway obstruction can lead to sudden death (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emergency Surgical Tracheal Decompression in a Huge Retrosternal Goiter

Nistor

Ciuche²,

Constantinescu

2017

Acta Endo (Buc)

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Introduction. Over the past decades, several definitions and classifications of cervico-mediastinal goiters have been proposed. We analyzed and discussed the clinical presentation, the diagnostic procedures and the surgical technique in relation to post-operative complications and long-term results in a case of a sixtysix years old obese, hypertensive female admitted in the Thoracic Surgery Department with respiratory distress (inspiratory dyspnea, stridor) progressively aggravating during the latest month. Methods. Cervico-thoracic CT scan revealed the existence of a cervico-mediastinal huge goiter which developed mostly intrathoracic (2/ 3 of the goiter). It determined a tracheal compression, reducing its caliber by two thirds, and its displacement to the right side. The proposed surgical procedure was total thyroidectomy and it involved a bipolar approach (transcervical and transsternal) through a partial upper cervico-sternotomy. Results. The complete removal of the goiter and the decompression of the trachea have been achieved. Postoperative results were very satisfactory, with the absence of the respiratory distress. The histological examination revealed a multinodular goiter with epithelium hyperplasia. Conclusion. The presence of a complicated cervico-mediastinal goiter with severe respiratory distress required a surgical excision as the main and immediate treatment option. The surgical procedure represented a milestone for both the anesthesiologist (difficult intubation, with a thin tracheal tube in the absence of the jet ventilation technology) and for the surgeon. The goiter's excision from the visceral mediastinum was very difficult because of its huge dimensions and close relations with trachea and great vessels (anterior) and esophagus, erector spinal muscles and the spine (posterior).

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Mediastinal cysts and tumors

Cited by 24 publications

References 145 publications

A Rare Case of Primary Anterior Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Elderly Adult Male

A Rare Case of Primary Anterior Mediastinal Yolk Sac Tumor in an Elderly Adult Male

Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors: A Review With Emphasis on Pathologic Features, Clinical Prognostic Variables, and Differential Diagnostic Considerations

Emergency Surgical Tracheal Decompression in a Huge Retrosternal Goiter

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