Mediating effects of coping styles on the relationship between family resilience and self-care status of adolescents with epilepsy transitioning to adult healthcare: A cross-sectional study in China

Defining and Measuring Resilience in Children with a Chronic Disease: a Scoping Review

“…Thanks to it, despite adversities, a person can develop and maintain mental health. (…) When it comes to a chronic illness, psychological resilience is a resource that promotes adaptation to the circumstances of the illness and the limitations generated by it.”(Rutter, 2012 ), (Kim et al, 2019 ) Multi-dimensional concept n = 11 (20%) (Cui et al, 2022 ; Fee & Hinton, 2011 ; Im & Kim, 2012 ; Lau et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2017 ; Lukacs et al, 2018 ; Nabors et al, 2021 ; Rainone et al, 2017 ; Rosenberg et al, 2018 ; Shapiro et al, 2021 ; Zimmerman et al, 2021 ) • “A process of harnessing resources needed to sustain individual well-being.”(Haase et al, 1999 ; Rosenberg et al, 2014 ; Southwick et al, 2014 ) • “(…) “a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation within the context of significant adversity.” Resilience is ‘the ability to maintain a stable equilibrium’ (…) It is not a particular personality trait but a process by which positive adaptation occurs despite adversity.”(Werner, 1989 ) • “Resilience refers to the family’s ability to withstand stressful experiences and rebound from them by creating new, healthy ways of functioning.” (Walsh, 2003 ) • “(…) a capacity of a dynamic system that helps individuals to overcome the negative effects, recover from adverse circumstances while maintaining normal development. It is not a quality that is always present in every situation, but a process of harnessing new and existing resources to maintain well-being during and after any stressor.” (Rosenberg & Yi-Fraizer, 2016 ; Masten, 2014 ) Not explicitly mentioned n = 29 (53%) (Adibsereshki et al, 2021 ; Araia et al, 2020 ; Arruda et al, 2021 ; Beeckman et al, 2019 ; Borinsky et al, 2019 ; Gmuca et al, 2021 ; Huston et al, 2016 ; Jaser & White, 2011 ; Kaewkong et al, 2020 ; Kim & Im, 2014 ...…”

“…(Adibsereshki et al, 2021 ; Arruda et al, 2021 ; Bahryni et al, 2016 ; Beeckman et al, 2019 ; Biernacka et al, 2021 ; Borinsky et al, 2019 ; Carlsen et al, 2017 ; Chung et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2022 ; Fee & Hinton, 2011 ; Gmuca et al, 2021 ; Hood et al, 2018 ; Huang et al, 2018 ; Im & Kim, 2012 ; Jaser & White, 2011 ; Kaewkong et al, 2020 ; Kim & Im, 2014 ; Kim & Yoo, 2010 ; Kully-Martens et al, 2021 ; Lau et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Lee et al, 2014 , 2017 , 2020 ; Li et al, 2022 ; Lukacs et al, 2018 ; McGavock et al, 2018 ;Moreira et al, 2015 ; Nabors et al, 2021 ; Parviniannasab et al, 2022 ; Rainone et al, 2017 ; Rassart et al, 2016 ; Robb et al, 2014 ; Rosenberg et al, 2014 , 2018 ; Ruff et al, 2016 ; Shapiro et al, 2021 ; Simon et al, 2009 ; Tomlinson et al, 2021 ; Verma & Rohan, 2020 ; Whiteley et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2021 ; Wu et al, 2013 ; Wu et al, 2018 ; Yi-Frazier et al, 2015 ; Zimmerman et al, 2021 )…”

“…(Cui et al, 2022 ; Fee & Hinton, 2011 ; Im & Kim, 2012 ; Lau et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2017 ; Lukacs et al, 2018 ; Nabors et al, 2021 ; Rainone et al, 2017 ; Rosenberg et al, 2018 ; Shapiro et al, 2021 ; Zimmerman et al, 2021 )…”

“…(Biernacka et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2022 ; Gmuca et al, 2021 ; Hood et al, 2018 ; Li et al, 2022 ; Shapiro et al, 2021 ; Whiteley et al, 2019 )…”

“…In total, 13 (24% of all included) studies used a resilience instrument to measure positive adaptation to stress (resilience outcome) by calculating a total resilience score per participant rather than assessing each topic separately. Examples of the scales used to derive total resilience scores are the Connor-Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire (CD-RISC) (Rosenberg et al, 2014 , 2018 ; Verma & Rohan, 2020 ; Zimmerman et al, 2021 ), the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale (RS) (Gmuca et al, 2021 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Lee et al, 2014 , 2017 , 2020 ; Moreira et al, 2015 ; Wu et al, 2018 ), the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module (Santos et al, 2016 ), and the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS-C) (Cui et al, 2022 ).…”