Mediating role of neuroticism between early maladaptive schemas and negative emotionality

Abstract

The study contributes to the understanding of the relation between neuroticism, early maladaptive schemas and negative emotionality. Various studies of schemas and neuroticism with the connection of negative emotionality do not give an answer to the question how these three variables co-exist with each other. The main purpose of the research was to determine whether neuroticism strengthens the effect of schemas in the prediction of intensity of anxiety and depression, or whether the roles of these variables are independent of each other. participants and procedure 493 healthy participants were included in the study, where 66% were female respondents and the age range was 16-61 years of age (M = 31.00, SD = 11.96). The Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form Version (YSQ-S3), the Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) by Costa and McCrae and the Personality Inventory (SPI, TPI by Spielberger & Reheiser) were used. results The results show a strong relationship between Rejection and Disconnection schemas and negative emotionality, strongly mediated by neuroticism. The trigger for the trait of neuroticism is the intensification of depressive traits, understood as a set of emotional symptoms, i.e. a high level of anxiety, experiencing frequent anger towards oneself, and simultaneously a strong sense of guilt for negative thoughts resulting in a sense of hopelessness. conclusions Most of the problems leading to anxiety or depression symptoms originate in schemas of Rejection and Disconnection and neuroticism is a strong mediator for negative emotionality.

Neuroticism as Mediator and Moderator Between War Atrocities and Psychopathology in Syrian Refugee Children and Adolescents

“…These findings emphasize that increased levels of neuroticism symptoms following exposure to war atrocities, may result in the promulgation of symptoms beyond what could be explained by direct effects alone. This is supported not only by the partial mediation effect found in each of the models, but also reinforced by other studies showing high rates of comorbidity between neuroticism and all forms of psychopathology (Santor and Rosenbluth, 2005;Kotov et al, 2010) including PTSD (Hasanović, 2012;Breslau and Schultz, 2013), emotion dysregulation (Kokkonen and Pulkkinen, 2001;Weinstock and Whisman, 2006;M ącik et al, 2019), and emotional and behavioral disorders (e.g., Khan et al, 2005;Martel and Nigg, 2006;Lahey, 2009).…”

“…It has been proposed that neuroticism may act as a vulnerability factor in the development of all forms of psychopathology (Santor and Rosenbluth, 2005;Kotov et al, 2010). For example, high levels of neuroticism have been related to undesirable mental health outcomes such as posttraumatic disorder (Hasanović, 2012;Breslau and Schultz, 2013), and emotion dysregulation (Kokkonen and Pulkkinen, 2001;Weinstock and Whisman, 2006;M ącik et al, 2019). Further, high neuroticism characterize children at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders (e.g., Khan et al, 2005;Lahey, 2009), including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and nattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity (ADHD) (Martel and Nigg, 2006).…”

Difficulties in emotion regulation among Syrian refugee girls: Risk and protective factors.

“…Consistent with previous research, emotion dysregulation (as a unitary construct) was directly associated with both neuroticism (Kokkonen & Pulkkinen, 2001; Mącik et al, 2019; Weinstock & Whisman, 2006) and emotional and behavioral disorders (Khan et al, 2005; Lahey, 2009; Martel & Nigg, 2006), though, surprisingly, it was not directly associated with PTSD. Of note, emotion dysregulation and PTSD were related at the bivariate level (Table 2).…”

“…Specifically, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been found to be positively associated with overall emotion dysregulation and the specific dimensions of lack of emotional acceptance; difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors and controlling impulsive behaviors when upset; limited access to emotion regulation strategies; and lack of emotional clarity (Ehring & Quack, 2010; Tull et al, 2007). Furthermore, research provides evidence of heightened emotion dysregulation among children who are at risk for high levels of neuroticism (Kokkonen & Pulkkinen, 2001; Mącik et al, 2019; Weinstock & Whisman, 2006) and emotional and behavioral disorders (e.g., Khan et al, 2005; Lahey, 2009; Martel & Nigg, 2006). The ability to manage emotions holds promise for favorable outcomes for children and adolescents in high-risk contexts (Buckner et al, 2003).…”

A bibliometric analysis of the quantitative schema therapy literature

“…Schema modes are valued as an organizing construct for understanding psychopathology and personality (Lazarus et al, 2020; Mącik, 2023). The clinical application of schema therapy centres on increasing awareness of modes and facilitating adaptive dialogues between modes.…”