The aim of this study is to assess e-learning acceptance by students, using data collected from 377 students at three public universities in Thailand. Using the Elearning Acceptance Measure (Teo, 2010b), participants gave their responses to 21 statements on three factors hypothesised to measure e-learning: tutor quality, perceived usefulness, and facilitating conditions. Results showed that university students in Thailand have an above average level of e-learning acceptance (mean=111.36 out of 147). Among the user domains, age and perceived competence correlated significantly with the factors in ElAM. Using MIMIC modelling, students' elearning acceptance was found to be significantly different by age and perceived competence.
IntroductionIn many educational systems, technology integration has been regarded among the top priorities in policy making, budget planning, and curriculum development. At the same time, technology is recognised as one of the key drivers for the improvement of teaching and learning (Afshari, Bakar, Wong, Samah & Fooi, 2008;Wong, Atan & Sabudin, 2010), prompting governments to launch major initiatives and make considerable capital investments to build and maintain information communication technology (ICT) infrastructures in the schools (Moses, Khambari & Wong, 2008). In recent years, the Internet has not only fostered rapid access to information; it also facilitated changes in the nature of today's education (Wong, Ng, Nawawi & Tang, 2005). By harnessing network technologies and wireless devices, teaching and learning is allowed to take place within and beyond the traditional classroom environment via electronic learning or e-learning. Many institutions, instructors, and policy makers have taken advantage of the flexibility of online learning in order to cater to the needs of current and potential students at all levels of education, including those who were unable to attend traditional courses on campus (Cheung, 2005;Dawson, 2006;Johnson, et al., 2011).In many developing countries such as Thailand, students experience difficulties in their access to teachers and learning materials, and their exposures to learning resources are restricted to the locality where they are situated. In response to this Teo, Wong, Thammetar and Chattiwat 1357 situation, Thailand has focused most of its educational plans and policies on building ICT infrastructures and improving accessibility of ICT to teachers and students. According to the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (2010), these developments are important to reduce the rural-urban gap in education, by bridging the different level of access to ICT infrastructure, auguring well for the advancement of e-learning in the country (Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization, 2010).Many higher institutions of learning around the world are aggressively offering online courses, taking advantage of the rapid development of the Internet technology (Yee, Wong, Mohamad Ayub & Mahmud, 2009). To overcome constraints in teaching and lear...