Mediation of BMI on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in U.S. Adults with Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption

Abstract

Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013–2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency was found in either heavy SSB consumers or soda consumers, respectively (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.25–3.54 in heavy SSB consumers; aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.06–2.44 in soda consumers). Around 21.3% of the total effect of sugar intake from SSB on decreased 25(OH)D was explained by BMI. In conclusion, high total sugar intake from SSB and BMI independently contribute to lower 25(OH)D, and BMI mediates the inverse association between total sugar intake from SSB intake and 25(OH)D. Furthermore, an increased risk of having vitamin D deficiency was found in the population who consumed higher levels of sugar from SSB or soda drinks.

Sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption and periodontitis among adults: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

“…Sugar metabolism by‐products may inhibit immune cell function, interfering with glycolysis in effector CD4 + T cells and reducing their chemotaxis towards CXCL10, perpetuating inflammation (Ye et al, 2022). Another mechanism involves the impact of glucose and fructose on diminishing the absorption of vitamin D (Lin et al, 2023), which may influence periodontal health. Besides that, early stages of periodontitis may be influenced locally by SSBs.…”