Mediation of Late Adolescent Health‐Risk Behaviors and Gender Influences

Christopherson, Toni Michelle; Conner, Bradley T.

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1446.2012.01007.x

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Seven studies contained analyses stratified by gender (Allen, Page, Moore, & Hewitt, 1994; Alwan et al, 2011; Christopherson & Conner, 2012; Page et al, 2008, 2010; Stickley et al, 2014; Thurston & Kubzansky, 2009) and four studies contained analyses stratified by country (Page et al, 2008, 2010; Stickley et al, 2013, 2014). One study found positive associations between smoking and loneliness for both genders, (Christopherson & Conner, 2012) two studies found a positive association among males but not females (Allen et al, 1994; Alwan et al, 2011) while another study found a positive association for females only (Thurston & Kubzansky, 2009). In a study of four countries, all country-gender subgroups exhibited associations between loneliness and smoking with the exception of Filipino males and Chinese females (Page et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focus on loneliness has increased in the public health field as studies have uncovered loneliness as an important, often unaddressed correlate of increased morbidity, early mortality, and poor health behaviors (Cacioppo & Cacioppo, 2014; Cacioppo & Hawkley, 2003; Hawkley & Cacioppo, 2003; Noreen E. Mahon, Yarcheski, & Yarcheski, 1998; Perissinotto, Cenzer, & Covinsky, 2012). Mixed findings have been reported regarding the association between loneliness and smoking: some researchers have found that loneliness is associated with smoking, (Christopherson & Conner, 2012; Peltzer, 2009) yet others fail to find an association (Cacioppo et al, 2002; Grunbaum, Tortolero, Weller, & Gingiss, 2000). This review intends to clarify what is currently known about the association between loneliness and smoking, identify gaps in knowledge and evidence, and suggest future research directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of Loneliness and Smoking: Small Effects, Big Implications

Dyal

Valente²

2015

Substance Use & Misuse

135

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Background Research supports an association between smoking and negative affect. Loneliness is a negative affective state experienced when a person perceives themselves as socially isolated and is associated with poor health behaviors and increased morbidity and early mortality. Objectives In this paper we systematically review the literature on loneliness and smoking and suggest potential theoretical and methodological implications. Methods PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched for articles that assessed the statistical association between loneliness and smoking. Articles that met study inclusion criteria were reviewed. Results Twenty-five studies met inclusion criteria. Ten studies were conducted with nationally representative samples. Twelve studies assessed loneliness using a version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale and nine used a one-item measure of loneliness. Seventeen studies assessed smoking with a binary smoking status variable. Fourteen of the studies were conducted with adults and 11 with adolescents. Half of the reviewed studies reported a statistically significant association between loneliness and smoking. Of the studies with significant results, all but one study found that higher loneliness scores were associated with being a smoker. Conclusions/ Importance Loneliness and smoking are likely associated, however half of the studies reviewed did not report significant associations. Studies conducted with larger sample sizes, such as those that used nationally representative samples, were more likely to have statistically significant findings. Future studies should focus on using large, longitudinal cohorts, using measures that capture different aspects of loneliness and smoking, and exploring mediators and moderators of the association between loneliness and smoking.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Loneliness and Smoking: Small Effects, Big Implications

Dyal

Valente²

2015

Substance Use & Misuse

135

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“…According to the Norwegian TOPP study survey among 14–17-year-old students, adolescents’ shyness increases the probability of smoking [ 8 ]. Loneliness has the same effect on smoking according to a study from Northern California, USA [ 9 ]. In addition, loneliness is also a risk factor of adolescent alcohol use, stated by Brazilian studies [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these two variables are not independent. Lack of friends may increase the feeling of loneliness, and shyness can block adolescents in making connections with their classmates [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Being lonely or using substances with friends? A cross-sectional study of Hungarian adolescents’ health risk behaviours

Varga

Pikó

2015

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundStudying adolescents’ health risk behaviours is oddly significant in Central and Eastern European countries, where the prevalence of smoking and drinking among 14–18 year old students is significantly high. The goal of our study is to examine the role of social psychological and social behavioural variables in health risk behaviours among Hungarian adolescents.MethodsOur sample was comprised of three high schools of Debrecen (the second largest city of Hungary). In all, 501 students filled in the questionnaire from 22 classes (14–22 years old). Students aged above 18 years were excluded for the purpose of the study, giving a total sample size of 471 high school students. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted.ResultsAccording to our results (1) social behavioural factors (namely, smoking and alcohol use of the best friend and peer group) proved to be better predictors of adolescents’ health risk behaviours as compared to the included social psychological attributes (2); among the latter ones, loneliness and shyness were negatively related with both smoking and drinking, while competitiveness was a predictor of drinking prevalence among boys.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that social behavioural factors, including smoking and drinking of friends, are oddly important predictors of Hungarian adolescents’ health risk behaviours. According to our results, health policy should pay more attention to peer norms related to smoking and drinking during school health promotion. Developing health protective social norms may be an indispensable component of effective health promotion in high schools.

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“…Several studies have reported a significant correlation between cigarette smoking and loneliness. 3,4 It should be kept in mind that this relationship could also be vice versa. 5 The use of smoking for self-medication is especially emphasized in the literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette, A Child!

Öztürk¹

2017

Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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ÖZETYalnızlık, kişiyi çözüm yolları aramaya iter. Sigara, maalesef içicilere sorulduğunda yalnızlıkla başa çıkma yollarından biri olarak görülmektedir. Çocuğu olmayan yaşlı bir hastamız sigarayı kendi evladı yerine koymaktadır. Bu yüzden sigarayı bırakmayı henüz düşünmemektedir. Dirençli vakalarda önce sigara bağımlılığının etyolojisi saptanmalı, sonra psikoterapi desteği sağlanmalıdır.Anahtar kelimeler: Evlat, sigara kullanma, yalnızlık ABSTRACTLoneliness pushes the person to seek solutions. When smokers are asked, unfortunately cigarette smoking is regarded as a way to cope with loneliness. An elderly male patient without children regarded cigarette as his own child. Therefore, he could not even think of quitting smoking. In resisting cases, firstly the etiology of smoking addiction should be determined, then psychotherapeutic support should be provided.

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Mediation of Late Adolescent Health‐Risk Behaviors and Gender Influences

Abstract: This study provides valuable insights for public health nurses as it pertains to late adolescent health-risk behaviors. Nurses should use screening tools and techniques to ensure appropriate referrals and interventions to meet the needs of at-risk adolescents.

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

A Systematic Review of Loneliness and Smoking: Small Effects, Big Implications

A Systematic Review of Loneliness and Smoking: Small Effects, Big Implications

Being lonely or using substances with friends? A cross-sectional study of Hungarian adolescents’ health risk behaviours

Cigarette, A Child!

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