Medicaid expansion and drug overdose mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

Auty, Samantha G.; Griffith, Kevin N.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109340

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The COVID-19 public health emergency further provided authorized practitioners flexibility in initiating and prescribing buprenorphine to patients through telehealth, which previously required an in-person visit. The pandemic saw a 30 % increase in drug-related overdose deaths compared to what it was prior to the pandemic ( CDC, 2020 ), however, raising concerns about patients' continued access to treatment for OUD ( Auty & Griffith, 2022 ). Specifically, in 2020, US drug-related deaths rose to >93,000, primarily driven by opioids; and in 2021, the United States surpassed 100,000 drug-related deaths for the first time ( CDC, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National trends in buprenorphine prescribing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Ali¹,

Creedon²,

Jacobus-Kantor³

et al. 2023

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National trends in buprenorphine prescribing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Ali¹,

Creedon²,

Jacobus-Kantor³

et al. 2023

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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“… 20 This method is also similar to Auty and Griffith (2022), who compared annual drug‐related death rates among all US states by expansion status before and during the pandemic in 2020. 21 Table S1 lists the states in our analysis by expansion status.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used nationally representative survey data and a quasi‐experimental research design to estimate changes in low‐income, non‐elderly adults' health behaviors and self‐assessed health outcomes by state Medicaid expansion status during the pandemic (March to December 2020) compared with years before the pandemic (January 2016 to February 2020). Earlier research has examined differences in COVID‐19 death rates, 19 disparities in uninsurance and access to care, 20 and drug and opioid deaths 21 in expansion versus non‐expansion states during the pandemic. These previous studies found only modest impacts of Medicaid expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 Auty and Griffith (2022) found that drug overdose deaths increased in 2020 for both expansion and non‐expansion states, with no significant correlation between expansion status and overdose deaths. 21 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier research has examined differences in COVID-19 death rates, 19 disparities in uninsurance and access to care, 20 and drug and opioid deaths 21 in expansion versus non-expansion states during the pandemic. These previous studies found only modest impacts of Medicaid expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between state Medicaid expansion status and health outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Rakus

Soni

2022

Health Services Research

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Objective To assess post‐COVID‐19 changes in insurance coverage, health behaviors, and self‐assessed health among low‐income, non‐elderly adults by state Medicaid expansion status. Data Sources We used nationally representative survey data from the 2016 through 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The sample was restricted to adults aged 19–64 with household income below 138 percent of the federal poverty level ( N = 179,135). Study Design We examined a broad set of outcomes related to coverage, health behaviors, and self‐assessed health available in the BRFSS. We used a difference‐in‐differences model to compare changes in outcomes for individuals living in the 35 states and DC that expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act to those in the 15 non‐expansion states before and after the COVID‐19 pandemic commenced in March 2020. Data Collection/Extraction Methods N/A. Principal Findings We found that the expansions provided some protection for low‐income people during the pandemic. In 2020, relative to earlier years, people in expansion states were more likely to report very good or excellent health (4.9 percentage points, 95%CI = 0.022, 0.076; p < 0.01) and physical health (−0.393 days of poor physical health in the past month, 95%CI = −0.714, −0.072; p < 0.05), lower rates of smoking (−1.9 percentage points, 95%CI = −0.041, 0.004; p < 0.10) and heavy drinking (−1.4 percentage points, 95%CI = −0.025, −0.004; p < 0.01), and higher flu vaccination rates (2.8 percentage points, 95%CI = 0.005, 0.051; p < 0.05) than those in non‐expansion states. These benefits were particularly salient for Black and Hispanic individuals. We found no significant differences in insurance coverage, exercise, obesity, and self‐assessed mental health between expansion and non‐expansion states for the overall low‐income sample. However, the expansion was associated with greater insurance coverage for Hispanic adults during the pandemic. Conclusions Investments in public health through expanding Medicaid may shield low‐income populations from some of the health ramifications of public health emergencies.

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Estimating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rising trends in drug overdose mortality in the United States, 2018-2021

Lee

Singh

2023

Annals of Epidemiology

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Medicaid expansion and drug overdose mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

National trends in buprenorphine prescribing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

National trends in buprenorphine prescribing before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Association between state Medicaid expansion status and health outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Estimating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rising trends in drug overdose mortality in the United States, 2018-2021

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