Medical and Biochemical Application of Infrared Absorption Spectra. IV. Studies on Gall Stones by Infrared Spectra and their New Classification

Chihara, Goro; Kobayashi, Emiko; Mizushima, Ayako; Shirakuma, Kimiko; Kameda, Haruo

doi:10.1248/cpb.8.771

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…With the application of infrared spectroscopy, gallstone classification based on component analysis has been gradually recognized and widely used [25]–[29]. Using FTIR spectroscopy to identify stone composition has many advantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systematic Classification of Gallbladder Stones

Qiao

Luo

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundTo develop a method for systematic classification of gallbladder stones, analyze the clinical characteristics of each type of stone and provide a theoretical basis for the study of the formation mechanism of different types of gallbladder stones.MethodologyA total of 807 consecutive patients with gallbladder stones were enrolled and their gallstones were studied. The material composition of gallbladder stones was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and the distribution and microstructure of material components was observed with Scanning Electron Microscopy. The composition and distribution of elements were analyzed by an X-ray energy spectrometer. Gallbladder stones were classified accordingly, and then, gender, age, medical history and BMI of patients with each type of stone were analyzed.Principal FindingsGallbladder stones were classified into 8 types and more than ten subtypes, including cholesterol stones (297), pigment stones (217), calcium carbonate stones (139), phosphate stones (12), calcium stearate stones (9), protein stones (3), cystine stones (1) and mixed stones (129). Mixed stones were those stones with two or more than two kinds of material components and the content of each component was similar. A total of 11 subtypes of mixed stones were found in this study. Patients with cholesterol stones were mainly female between the ages of 30 and 50, with higher BMI and shorter medical history than patients with pigment stones (P<0.05), however, patients with pigment, calcium carbonate, phosphate stones were mainly male between the ages of 40 and 60.ConclusionThe systematic classification of gallbladder stones indicates that different types of stones have different characteristics in terms of the microstructure, elemental composition and distribution, providing an important basis for the mechanistic study of gallbladder stones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Systematic Classification of Gallbladder Stones

Qiao

Luo

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…IR spectroscopy has also been used to demonstrate that bilirubin in gallstones is present as a calcium salt rather than as a protonated acid (Trotman et al 1977). Regardless of inconsistencies in the color-based classification of brown and black pigment stones, FTIR spectroscopy can reliably differentiate different varieties of pigmented stones (Malet et al 1988;Trotman 1991;Kaufman et al 1989;Kaufman et al 1994;Weissman et al 1959;Chihara et al 1960). Raha et al (1967) and Peuchant et al (1987) used the IR technique to analyze human gallstones and quantified the levels of cholesterol, calcium carbonate, and calcium bilirubinate.…”

Section: Studies On Stones Using Ftir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of stones formed in the human gall bladder and kidney using advanced spectroscopic techniques

Singh¹,

Jaswal²,

Sharma³

et al. 2020

Biophys Rev

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Stone diseases (gallstones and kidney stones) are extremely painful and often cause death. The prime aim of biomedical research in this area has been determination of factors resulting in stone formation inside the gallbladder and urinary tract. Many theories have been put forward to explain the mechanism of stone formation and their growth; however, their complete cycle of pathogenesis is still under debate. Several factors are responsible for stone formation; however, much emphasis is placed on the determination of elemental and molecular composition of the stones. In the present review article, we describe different kinds of spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and highlight their use in the analysis of stone diseases. We have summarized work done on gallstones and kidney stones using these advanced techniques particularly over the last 10 years. We have also briefly elaborated the basics of stone formations inside the human body and their complications for a better understanding of the subject.

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