Medical and morbidity surveillance findings among employees potentially exposed to TCDD.

Bond, Gregory G.; Mg, Ott; Brenner, F E; Cook, Ralph R.

doi:10.1136/oem.40.3.318

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several cross-sectional medical studies have also examined the association between TCDD exposure and effects on the cardiovascular system (23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Statistically significant associations were found only in the U.S. Air Force Ranch Hands Study (27).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four mortality studies of TCDD-exposed cohorts reported significantly elevated risks for cardiovascular disease mortality (15)(16)(17)(18), whereas several others have not observed such elevations (19)(20)(21)(22). Although several cross-sectional medical studies have also examined the association between TCDD exposure and effects on the cardiovascular system (23)(24)(25)(26)(27), statistically significant associations were found only in the study of U.S. Air Force Ranch Hand personnel responsible for spraying TCDD-contaminated Agent Orange in Vietnam (27). The Ranch Hands Study found statistically significant associations between TCDD exposure and peripheral pulse abnormalities of several arteries, medical record-verified hypertension, and one type of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes among U.S. Workers Exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Calvert¹,

Wall²,

Sweeney³

et al. 1998

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Some animal studies and some human studies suggest that exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) may be associated with adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. As part of a cross-sectional medical study comparing workers employed 15 years earlier in the manufacture of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol or one of its derivatives at two U.S. chemical plants with an unexposed comparison group, we examined the association between TCDD exposure and various cardiovascular outcomes. A total of 281 workers and 260 unexposed referents participated. The workers had substantial exposure to TCDD, as demonstrated by significantly elevated mean serum TCDD concentration of 220 pg/g of lipid, compared with 7 pg/g of lipid among the referents. No significant association was found between TCDD exposure and any of the cardiovascular outcomes including myocardial infarction, angina, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and abnormal peripheral arterial flow. Although our study had sufficient statistical power to detect an elevated risk for cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and abnormal peripheral arterial flow, it had low power (approximately 50%) to detect an elevated risk for myocardial infarction and angina. Our review of the literature suggests that our negative findings are consistent with those from other cross-sectional medical studies. Although several mortality studies of TCDD-exposed cohorts found significantly increased risks for cardiovascular disease mortality, similar increased risks were not observed in other mortality studies. The data available do not provide definitive conclusions but indicate that further examination of the association between TCDD exposure and cardiovascular disease should be pursued.Environ Health Perspect 1 06(Suppl 2):635-643 (1998). http://ehpnetl.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1998/Suppl-2/ 635-643calvert/abstract.html

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes among U.S. Workers Exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Calvert¹,

Wall²,

Sweeney³

et al. 1998

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…The chlorophenol workers at the Midland, Michigan Dow Chemical plant have been studied for morbidity and mortality (Townsend et al, 1982;Bond et al, 1983Bond et al, , 1989bCook et al, 1986;Ott et al, 1987;Bodner et al, 2003). These workers had potential exposure to the chlorinated dioxins from production and use of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum dioxin levels in former chlorophenol workers

Collins

Budinsky

Burns

et al. 2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, we measured lipid-adjusted serum levels for all 2,3,7,8-substituted dioxins and furans, and four coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in 62 workers with chlorophenol exposure and 36 workers without chlorophenol exposures working at the same plant during the same time. We oversampled among workers diagnosed with chloracne. Mean dioxin background levels from 36 nonchlorophenol workers were estimated as 6.0 parts-per-trillion (ppt) for 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) and 67.5 ppt for 1,2,3,4,6,7,8 heptachlorodibenzo-pdioxin (Hepta-CDD). We found different dioxin and furan profiles for trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol (PCP) workers. Among trichlorophenol workers with chloracne, we found 2,3,7,8-TCDD (mean ¼ 30.5 ppt) above background levels and among PCP workers with chloracne, we found high levels of Hepta-CDD (mean ¼ 312.5 ppt) and other higher chlorinated dioxins and furans. Cumulative exposure estimates for dioxins for both 2,3,7,8-TCDD and the higher chlorinated dioxins created in the early 1980s for our epidemiology studies were highly correlated with serum dioxin levels when age and body mass index were taken into account. While workers previously diagnosed with chloracne had high serum dioxin levels, some workers without diagnosed chloracne also had high levels. Among tradesworkers with plant-wide responsibilities, we observed serum dioxins and PCB levels higher than background indicating workplace exposures. We estimate that the mean level of 2,3,7,8-TCDD present in the serum of workers on the date workplace exposure terminated was 267 ppt (ranging from 8 to 1184 ppt) assuming a 9-year half-life, 582 ppt (ranging from 10 to 2,641 ppt) assuming a 7-year halflife, and 1928 ppt (ranging from 22 to 17,847) when a toxicokinetic model is used. We conclude that our findings are consistent with other studies reporting high serum dioxin levels among chlorophenol workers after occupational exposures.

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“…These studies were often plagued by poor participation rates (16,154). The nonspecif ic nature of various measures of liver function, lipid metabolism, and peripheral nerve function limit the inferences one can draw about risk of disease, es pecially of cancer.…”

Section: The Industrial Cohort Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies attempted to assess various clinical and laboratory indices of workers exposed primarily to dioxins (16,100,123,154). These studies were often plagued by poor participation rates (16,154).…”

Section: The Industrial Cohort Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%