Medical Aspects of Diving —Part I

Edmonds, Carl; Thomas, R. L.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1972.tb103799.x

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have compared oral pseudoephedrine against placebo in adults. Oral pseudoephedrine resulted in a significant reduction over placebo 4 , 19 . A Danish study found that performing the Valsalva manoeuvre could equalise middle-ear pressure in 46 per cent of air travellers; of those who could not equalise with the Valsalva manoeuvre, 69 per cent could clear the middle-ear pressure with a nasal balloon 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air travellers' awareness of the preventability of otic barotrauma

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In more severe cases, vertigo and discharge are reported 3 . Rarely, otic barotrauma results in long-term morbidity including tympanic membrane perforation, 4 conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, 5 and perilymph fistula 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air travellers' awareness of the preventability of otic barotrauma

et al. 2014

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“…4 The score was later modified to include a grade five. 5 The modified Teed's grading was used in this audit, as shown in Table I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the slow compression technique of hyperbaric oxygen therapy decrease the incidence of middle-ear barotrauma?

Vahidova¹,

Sen²,

Papesch³

et al. 2006

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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“…We included 11 [11] healthy apnea divers. None of the participants had been (free) diving 24 h prior to the study.…”

Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study on the Eustachian tube function during Frenzel maneuver in a hypobaric/hyperbaric pressure chamber

Wolber

Meyer

Knesic

et al. 2021

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Introduction The Frenzel maneuver describes a technique for middle ear equalizing which is frequently used by apnea divers. It offers advantages compared to the most commonly used techniques such as the Valsalva or Toynbee maneuver. Until now, there is insufficient literature about the pressure dynamics and Eustachian tube (ET) function during the Frenzel maneuver. The aim of the present study was to characterize the ET function during the Frenzel maneuver. Materials and methods By means of an established standardized profile of compression and decompression in a hypo/hyperbaric pressure chamber, we examined different parameters such as the ET opening pressure (ETOP), ET opening duration (ETOD), and ET opening frequency (ETOF) in 11 experienced apnea divers and compared them to the parameters during the Valsalva and Toynbee maneuver. Results Standard values for ETOP, ETOD, and ETOF could be established for the Frenzel maneuver under standardized conditions in a hypo/hyperbaric pressure chamber. Compared to the Frenzel maneuver, ETOP was higher and ETOD longer (both p < 0.001) during the Valsalva maneuver whereas ETOP was lower and ETOD shorter (both p < 0.001) during the Toynbee maneuver. No difference regarding ETOF was observed between the Frenzel, Valsalva, and Toynbee maneuver. Discussion The Frenzel maneuver was shown to be at least as effective as the Valsalva maneuver concerning ET opening. We believe that knowledge of the Frenzel technique might facilitate the pressure equalization during diving and recommend implementation of an appropriate equalization training in apnea and scuba diving education.

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Medical Aspects of Diving —Part I

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Air travellers' awareness of the preventability of otic barotrauma

Air travellers' awareness of the preventability of otic barotrauma

Does the slow compression technique of hyperbaric oxygen therapy decrease the incidence of middle-ear barotrauma?

Prospective study on the Eustachian tube function during Frenzel maneuver in a hypobaric/hyperbaric pressure chamber

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