Medical Cannabis for the Treatment of Inflammation

Namdar, Dvory; Koltai, Hinanit

doi:10.1177/1934578x1801300304

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…By focusing the attention on hemp nonpsychoactive cannabinoids, CBD has been demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of different inflammatory ailments, including bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's and ulcerative colitis), neuronal diseases (e.g., Parkinson and Alzheimer), and a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases (e.g., atopic dermatitis and psoriasis) [21].…”

Section: The Chemistry Of Cannabis Sativa Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cannabis sativa L. and Nonpsychoactive Cannabinoids: Their Chemistry and Role against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cancer

Pellati

Borgonetti

Brighenti

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

309

242

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In the last decades, a lot of attention has been paid to the compounds present in medicinal Cannabis sativa L., such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and their effects on inflammation and cancer-related pain. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) currently recognizes medicinal C. sativa as an effective treatment for providing relief in a number of symptoms associated with cancer, including pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, and anxiety. Several studies have described CBD as a multitarget molecule, acting as an adaptogen, and as a modulator, in different ways, depending on the type and location of disequilibrium both in the brain and in the body, mainly interacting with specific receptor proteins CB1 and CB2. CBD is present in both medicinal and fibre-type C. sativa plants, but, unlike Δ9-THC, it is completely nonpsychoactive. Fibre-type C. sativa (hemp) differs from medicinal C. sativa, since it contains only few levels of Δ9-THC and high levels of CBD and related nonpsychoactive compounds. In recent years, a number of preclinical researches have been focused on the role of CBD as an anticancer molecule, suggesting CBD (and CBD-like molecules present in the hemp extract) as a possible candidate for future clinical trials. CBD has been found to possess antioxidant activity in many studies, thus suggesting a possible role in the prevention of both neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In animal models, CBD has been shown to inhibit the progression of several cancer types. Moreover, it has been found that coadministration of CBD and Δ9-THC, followed by radiation therapy, causes an increase of autophagy and apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition, CBD is able to inhibit cell proliferation and to increase apoptosis in different types of cancer models. These activities seem to involve also alternative pathways, such as the interactions with TRPV and GRP55 receptor complexes. Moreover, the finding that the acidic precursor of CBD (cannabidiolic acid, CBDA) is able to inhibit the migration of breast cancer cells and to downregulate the proto-oncogene c-fos and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) highlights the possibility that CBDA might act on a common pathway of inflammation and cancer mechanisms, which might be responsible for its anticancer activity. In the light of all these findings, in this review we explore the effects and the molecular mechanisms of CBD on inflammation and cancer processes, highlighting also the role of minor cannabinoids and noncannabinoids constituents of Δ9-THC deprived hemp.

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Section: The Chemistry Of Cannabis Sativa Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As regards cancer, CBD has exhibited antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities, thus demonstrating modulating the tumorigenesis in different types of cancer, including breast, lung, colon, brain, and others [21].…”

Section: The Chemistry Of Cannabis Sativa Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis sativa L. and Nonpsychoactive Cannabinoids: Their Chemistry and Role against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cancer

Pellati

Borgonetti

Brighenti

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

309

242

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“…Alternatively, it has been suggested that exogenous cannabinoids may aid in recovery from pain and muscle soreness brought about by PA [43], thereby positively influencing the motivation to engage in PA [46]. Cannabis use has been shown to reduce pain and inflammation among patient populations [47][48][49]. However, among the general population, the evidence for an inverse association between cannabis use and inflammation is limited [31,50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity in a nationally representative sample of US adults

Ong¹,

Bellettiere

Alvarado

et al. 2021

Harm Reduct J

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Background Prior research examining the relationship between cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity has generated conflicting findings, potentially due to biases in the self-reported measures used to assess physical activity. This study aimed to more precisely explore the relationship between cannabis use and sedentary behavior/physical activity using objective measures. Methods Data were obtained from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2,092 participants (ages 20–59; 48.8% female) had accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants were classified as light, moderate, frequent, or non-current cannabis users depending on how often they used cannabis in the previous 30 days. Multivariable linear regression estimated minutes in sedentary behavior/physical activity by cannabis use status. Logistic regression modeled self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in relation to current cannabis use. Results Fully adjusted regression models indicated that current cannabis users’ accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior did not significantly differ from non-current users. Frequent cannabis users engaged in more physical activity than non-current users. Light cannabis users had greater odds of self-reporting physical activity compared to non-current users. Conclusions This study is the first to evaluate the relationship between cannabis use and accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity. Such objective measures should be used in other cohorts to replicate our findings that cannabis use is associated with greater physical activity and not associated with sedentary behavior in order to fully assess the potential public health impact of increases in cannabis use.

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“…24 In addition, similar to the results of previous studies, the results of this study showed that the administration of CB2 receptor agonist lipid peroxidation production reversed the GSH consumed, inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, and significantly reduced MDA formation in ovarian I/R injury in rats. 10,25 Th e lack of investigation into the contraction responses of the uterine smooth muscle with acetylcholine (from 10−8 to 10−3) and electrical stimulation in an isolated organ bath and the absence of histological examination are the limitations of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kannabinoid Tip 2 Reseptör Agonistinin Sıçanlarda Over İskemi/reperfüzyon Hasarına Karşı Koruyucu Etkisi

Şahin

Parlar

2019

Sakarya Medical Journal

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Objective The aim of this study is to prove whether or not the cannabinoid (CB)2 receptor agonist, which is known to be effective in anti-inflammatory effects and tried in various organ and/or tissue ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, works in the treatment of I/R injury, which is a replication of the damage caused by clinical ovarian torsion. Materials and MethodsRats were divided into five groups (n=6). After anesthesia, an approximately 2-cm incision was made in the lower abdominal region of the rats and ovaries, uterine horns, and adnexa were occluded with a clamp for 30 min, except for the sham control group. After 3 h, ovaries were surgically removed. Blood was collected for the measurement of cytokine levels in the serum.Results The induction of ovaries by I/R injury resulted in an increase in interleukin 1 β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels in ovarian tissues and serum. The pretreatment of the CB2 receptor agonist decreased these cytokines levels in both ovarian tissues and serum. Both ovarian tissue and serum GSH levels decreased due to I/R injury. CB2 agonist caused an increase in GSH level. However, the antagonist reversed the healing effect of the agonist on GSH level. ConclusionThe results of this study support that the CB2 receptor agonist can be used to treat I/R injury, which is an imitation of ovarian torsion. ÖzAmaç Bu çalışmanın amacı, anti-enflamatuar etkili olduğu bilinen ve çeşitli organ ve/veya doku iskemisi/reperfüzyon (I/R) yaralanmalarında denenen kannabinoid (CB) 2 reseptör agonistinin klinik over torsiyonunun neden olduğu hasarın bir göstergesi olan I/R hasarının tedavisinde etkisinin olup olmadığını kanıtlamaktır. Gereç ve YöntemlerRatlar beş gruba ayrıldı (n=6). Anestezi sonrası, sıçanların alt karın bölgesinde yaklaşık 2 cm'lik bir insizyon yapıldı ve yumurtalıklar, rahim boynuzu ve adneks, şam kontrol grubu hariç 30 dakika boyunca bir klemp ile kapatıldı. 3 saat sonra, yumurtalıklar cerrahi olarak çıkarıldı. Serumdaki sitokin seviyelerinin ölçümü için kan alındı. Bulgular Yumurtalıkların I/R hasarı ile indüklenmesi, interlökin 1 beta (IL-1β), tümör nekroz faktörü alfa (TNF-α) ve malondialdehit (MDA) seviyelerinde bir artışa ve yumurtalık dokularında ve serumda glutatyon (GSH) seviyelerinde bir azalmaya neden olmuştur. CB2 reseptörü agonistinin ön tedavisi, hem over dokularında hem de serumda bu sitokin seviyelerini düşürmüştür. Hem over dokusu hem de serum GSH düzeyleri I/R hasarı nedeniyle azaldı. CB2 agonisti GSH seviyesinde bir artışa neden oldu. Ancak, antagonist, agonistin GSH seviyesi üzerindeki iyileştirici etkisini tersine çevirdi. Sonuç Bu çalışmanın sonuçları CB2 reseptörü agonistinin, yumurtalık torsiyonunun bir imitasyonu olan I/R hasarını tedavi etmek için kullanılabileceğini desteklemektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler İskemi Reperfüzyon; Kannabinoid 2 Reseptör Agonist; Ovaryum Torsiyonu; Sitokinler; Kannabinoid 2 Reseptör Antagonist. Sakarya Med J 2019;9(4):679-686 ŞAHİN et al., Eff ect of Cannab...

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Medical Cannabis for the Treatment of Inflammation

Cited by 12 publications

References 88 publications

Cannabis sativa L. and Nonpsychoactive Cannabinoids: Their Chemistry and Role against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cancer

Cannabis sativa L. and Nonpsychoactive Cannabinoids: Their Chemistry and Role against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cancer

Cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity in a nationally representative sample of US adults

Kannabinoid Tip 2 Reseptör Agonistinin Sıçanlarda Over İskemi/reperfüzyon Hasarına Karşı Koruyucu Etkisi

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