Medical cost savings associated with an extended-release opioid with abuse-deterrent technology in the US

Rossiter, Louis F.; Kirson, Noam Y.; Shei, Amie; White, Alan G.; Birnbaum, Howard G.; Ben‐Joseph, Rami; Michna, Edward

doi:10.3111/13696998.2014.897628

Cited by 35 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A final group of 16 publications were selected for inclusion in the report. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The two primary reasons for exclusion were an abuse treatment focus (15) and lack of cost data (12). A CASP checklist was completed for these 16 publications to assess quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Costs were evaluated in two studies in general Medicaid patients, 15 23 Six studies presented data on different patient groups or special circumstances that make them difficult to compare with the studies above. 10,12,19,21,22,24 Bazalo et al 10 developed a budget impact model for a 1,000,000 member hypothetical plan and compared the cost of patients taking oxycodone, assuming that 20% of those patients would be placed on an abuse-deterrent formulation of oxycodone. Although drug costs were higher by 0.6%, overall a cost savings of $4,911 per oxycodone-treated opioid abuse patient was estimated.…”

Section: Payer Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse: A Systematic Review

Oderda

Lake

Rüdell

et al. 2015

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

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A 2009 systematic review found that the total cost of prescription opioid abuse in 2001 in the United States was approximately $8.6 billion and medical expenses were estimated to be $15,884 for opioid abusers and $1,830 for nonabusers. A search was conducted for English publications on the cost of prescription opioid abuse and misuse from 2009 to 2014. The initial literature search identified 5,412 citations. Title and abstract review selected 59 for further review. The final review process resulted in 16 publications for inclusion that examined cost from the payer perspective. Mean costs to the payer for abusers were $23,000-$25,000 per year and excess costs approximately $15,000 per patient. Three papers were identified that presented societal costs, including direct and indirect costs such as criminal justice costs and costs associated with lost productivity. The strongest evidence suggests that societal cost is in excess of $50 billion per year in the United States. Prescription opioid abuse and misuse is a common and important problem throughout the world that has significant associated societal costs and excess medical costs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Payer Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse: A Systematic Review

Oderda

Lake

Rüdell

et al. 2015

Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Strategies to prevent drug abuse can significantly reduce societal costs as well as individual costs (e.g. the cost of suffering and emergency care) resulting from addiction and overdoses [Rossiter et al 2014]. Reformulated oxycodone was associated with annual medical cost savings of approximately $430 million in the U.S. [Rossiter et al 2014].…”

Section: Counterarguments Against Adf Adoption and Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the cost of suffering and emergency care) resulting from addiction and overdoses [Rossiter et al 2014]. Reformulated oxycodone was associated with annual medical cost savings of approximately $430 million in the U.S. [Rossiter et al 2014]. A budget impact model to quantify the potential cost savings associated with a hypothetical ADF designed to deter common forms of abuse was projected to save third party payers up to $1.6 billion per year [Katz et al 2013].…”

Section: Counterarguments Against Adf Adoption and Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abuse-deterrent formulations: transitioning the pharmaceutical market to improve public health and safety

Simon

Worthy²,

Barnes³

et al. 2015

Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety

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This article evaluates abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs) as a method to reduce prescription drug abuse while ensuring access to vital medications for individuals with legitimate need; assesses the pros and cons of ADFs and the current state of ADF adoption in the market; and develops policy recommendations to transition the market to ADFs. Although abuse-deterrent technology is still in its nascent stages, ADFs have been proven to reduce prescription drug abuse and its consequences, and even an incremental reduction in abuse can have a significant impact on the nation by reducing the costly social, physical, mental, and public health problems resulting from abuse. Federal ADF policy does not reflect the urgency of the prescription drug abuse epidemic and does not go far enough toward changing the status quo. Policies must be implemented to encourage innovation and a market shift toward ADFs by ensuring any generic medication that references a branded ADF demonstrates that it does not have abuse-deterrent properties inferior to the branded ADF product. Policies must also require federal prescription drug benefit plans to cover ADFs to ensure consumers have access to such medications.

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“…[119][120][121] It has been estimated that reformulated oxycodone is associated with annual medical cost savings at the US population level of US$430 million (including savings of $86 million from reductions in diagnosed abuse and $344 million from reductions in undiagnosed abuse) and indirect cost savings of US$605 million, for total annual societal cost savings of approximately US$1.0 billion. [120,121] The societal cost savings associated with reductions in abuse may be expected to increase over time as more abuse-deterrent opioid analgesic formulations are introduced. However, these benefits have been accompanied by a significant increase in abuse of other opioids, most notably heroin, in some studies.…”

Section: Differences In Routes Of Abuse Between Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routes of abuse of prescription opioid analgesics: a review and assessment of the potential impact of abuse-deterrent formulations

Gąsior

Bond

Malamut

2015

Postgraduate Medicine

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Prescription opioid analgesics are an important treatment option for patients with chronic pain; however, misuse, abuse and diversion of these medications are a major global public health concern. Prescription opioid analgesics can be abused via intended and non-intended routes of administration, both intact or after manipulation of the original formulation to alter the drug-delivery characteristics. Available data indicate that ingestion (with or without manipulation of the prescribed formulation) is the most prevalent route of abuse, followed by inhalation (snorting, smoking and vaping) and injection. However, reported routes of abuse vary considerably between different formulations. A number of factors have been identified that appear to be associated with non-oral routes of abuse, including a longer duration of abuse, younger age, male sex and a rural or socially deprived location. The development of abuse-deterrent formulations of prescription opioid analgesics is an important step toward reducing abuse of these medications. Available abuse-deterrent formulations aim to hinder extraction of the active ingredient, prevent administration through alternative routes and/or make abuse of the manipulated product less attractive, less rewarding or even aversive. There are currently five opioid analgesics with a Food and Drug Administration abuse-deterrent label, and a number of other products are under review. A growing body of evidence suggests that introduction of abuse-deterrent opioid analgesics in the USA has been associated with decreased rates of abuse of these formulations. The availability of abuse-deterrent formulations therefore appears to represent an important step toward curbing the epidemic of abuse of prescription opioid analgesics, while ensuring the availability of effective pain medications for patients with legitimate medical need.

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Medical cost savings associated with an extended-release opioid with abuse-deterrent technology in the US

Abstract: This study provides evidence that reformulated ER oxycodone has been associated with reductions in abuse rates and substantial medical cost savings. Payers and policy-makers should consider these benefits as they devise and implement new guidelines and policies in this therapeutic area.

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse: A Systematic Review

Economic Burden of Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse: A Systematic Review

Abuse-deterrent formulations: transitioning the pharmaceutical market to improve public health and safety

Routes of abuse of prescription opioid analgesics: a review and assessment of the potential impact of abuse-deterrent formulations

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