Medical Coverage for Multievent Sports Competition: A Comprehensive Analysis of Injuries in the 1994 Star of the North Summer Games

Medical care delivery at the Inaugural Youth Olympic Games Singapore 2010

“…Of the sports injuries, 56% were of lower limb (most commonly involving the leg followed by the foot and ankle region) followed by 19.1% of the upper limb (shoulders being the most common anatomical site). A similar anatomical distribution has been reported in other similar international elite multi-sport events 3–9…”

Injuries in 13 international Athletics championships between 2007–2012

“…The increased number of injuries of the upper extremity in throws can be explained by the increased stress on the static and dynamic stabilising structures of the shoulder and the entire upper extremity 30. The most common type of injury was thigh strain, which is in accordance to other publications on Athletics injuries 4 19 31. Apart from 22 fractures the occurrence of other potentially serious injuries (Achilles tendon ruptures, nerve or cervical spine injury, concussion) was rare (2.4%) which deviates from other sports 12 15 20…”

Mass Gathering Medicine: A Review

“…23 ' 30 ' 43 ' 60 ' 61 A number of authors have described systems whereby nurses or EMTs treat and release patients. 2 ' 8 -11 ' 12 ' 14 ' 29 ' 30 ' 50 Others have countered by stating that a physician must examine all patients who will be treated and returned into the crowd. 13 ' 24 ' 33 -37 ' 62 At issue is the standard of care that should be practiced at mass gatherings.…”