Medical ethics and torture: revising the Declaration of Tokyo

Miles, Steven H.; Freedman, Alfred M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60097-0

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the context of past hunger strikes involving physician participation, medical associations have lobbied for changes in policy and practice after perceiving deficient ethical guidance and lapses in compliance 83 . Additionally, medical associations in Chile, Brazil, Uruguay and South Africa have successfully sanctioned physicians in human rights violations 24 , 84 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hunger Strikers: Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Medical Complicity in Torture at Guantanamo Bay

Dougherty

Lee

Greenough

et al. 2013

Prehosp. Disaster med.

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Physicians and other licensed health professionals are involved in force-feeding prisoners on hunger strike at the US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay (GTMO), Cuba, the detention center established to hold individuals captured and suspected of being terrorists in the wake of September 11, 2001. The force-feeding of competent hunger strikers violates medical ethics and constitutes medical complicity in torture. Given the failure of civilian and military law to end the practice, the medical profession must exert policy and regulatory pressure to bring the policy and operations of the US Department of Defense into compliance with established ethical standards. Physicians, other health professionals, and organized medicine must appeal to civilian state oversight bodies and federal regulators of medical science to revoke the licenses of health professionals who have committed prisoner abuses at GTMO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hunger Strikers: Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Medical Complicity in Torture at Guantanamo Bay

Dougherty

Lee

Greenough

et al. 2013

Prehosp. Disaster med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Far from it, the declarations already mentioned were heavily influenced by American medical opinion. We can also note the paper by American authors Miles and Freedman (2009) setting out the history and current practice of medical complicity with torture. They propose a revision of the Declaration of Tokyo (Declaration of Tokyo, 1975) to incorporate new ideas about the clinical engagement in interrogation and specific clauses concerning doctors involved in war crimes and in the abuse of prisoners.…”

Section: Drawbacks To the Idea Of International Application Of Singlementioning

confidence: 96%

Contemplating common ground in the professional ethics of forensic psychiatry

Grounds

Gunn

Myers

et al. 2010

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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“…4 United States' medical societies have long endorsed ethics codes that condemn medical complicity with torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment or punishment. 5 Notwithstanding such endorsements, those societies belatedly and timidly responded to reports of clinicians overseeing and/or concealing the mistreatment of prisoners. In 2004, after media and Defense Department investigations disclosed medical complicity with the abuse of interrogates at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq, the British Medical Association called on the American Medical Association (AMA) to investigate and conscientiously enforce its professional standards on such matters.…”

Section: Clinician-supervised Abusive Interrogationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Military Medical Ethics: Legacies of the Gulf Wars and the War on Terror

Miles

2011

Bioethics

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United States military medical ethics evolved during its involvement in two recent wars, Gulf War I (1990-1991) and the War on Terror (2001-). Norms of conduct for military clinicians with regard to the treatment of prisoners of war and the administration of non-therapeutic bioactive agents to soldiers were set aside because of the sense of being in a 'new kind of war'. Concurrently, the use of radioactive metal in weaponry and the ability to measure the health consequences of trade embargos on vulnerable civilians occasioned new concerns about the health effects of war on soldiers, their offspring, and civilians living on battlefields. Civilian medical societies and medical ethicists fitfully engaged the evolving nature of the medical ethics issues and policy changes during these wars. Medical codes of professionalism have not been substantively updated and procedures for accountability for new kinds of abuses of medical ethics are not established. Looking to the future, medicine and medical ethics have not articulated a vision for an ongoing military-civilian dialogue to ensure that standards of medical ethics do not evolve simply in accord with military exigency.

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Medical ethics and torture: revising the Declaration of Tokyo

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Hunger Strikers: Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Medical Complicity in Torture at Guantanamo Bay

Hunger Strikers: Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Medical Complicity in Torture at Guantanamo Bay

Contemplating common ground in the professional ethics of forensic psychiatry

The New Military Medical Ethics: Legacies of the Gulf Wars and the War on Terror

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