Medical Geology in the Middle East

Misconi, Humam; Navi, Maryam

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3430-4_6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The study area had previously witnessed intensive warfare operations during the Second Gulf War in 1991 and the occupation of Iraq in 2003, and the associated use of depleted uranium-coated missiles. The present results were compared with results of other studies in the world which were summarized in the source (Misconi and Navi, 2010), in Iran (Hamadan) 364 Bq.m -3 , Syria (Damascus) 45 Bq.m -3 , Jordan (north), 144 Bq.m -3 , Saudia Arabia (Al-Jauf) 30 Bq.m -3 and Yemen (Hodeidah) 42 Bq.m -3 , and the results of the study for radon 222Rn in River water and groundwater wells were compared with the results of studies conducted by other workers in Iraq using solid nuclear trace reagents technology (Abdul Ameer and Subber, 2013), SSNDs by Subbe, eat all and it was found that there is no difference between the results of the previous works and the present study, as close concentrations of radon were recorded with the exception of specific samples in some of the studied sites. However, when comparing these results with the permissible concentration suggested by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) indicted that the highest permissible radon concentration in the water is equal to 11000 Bq.m -3 (EPA, 1988), was found to be within the suggested limits except for some samples which exceeded this limit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Determination of radon gas concentrations 222Rn in water samples of Rivers and ground wells in Basrah Governorate, Iraq

Ali

2021

MJMS

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In this study, 52 samples were collected from natural water taken from selected areas from (Rivers, groundwater wells) in Basrah Governorate-Southern Iraq for the period from February - April 2020, to determine the concentrations of the radon gas (222Rn) emitted from the selected and newborn samples of the radioactive element Radium 226Ra located in the series of uranium 238U and calculate the annual effective dose. Solid state Nuclear Track Detectors SSNTDs have been used, a long-term passive measurement method for the emission of (α particles) with the CR-39 detectors, LR-115typeII and a method for measuring the activity with a fast electronic device called RAD7. The results of the study showed that the lowest concentration of radon gas in samples of River water was 196 ±12 Bq.m-3 was in the sample No. W13 water of Garma River, and that the largest concentration was 16217 ±97 Bq.m-3 sample No. W9 from Al Khoura River. As for the radon gas concentration in groundwater wells, its highest concentration reached 22415 ±143 Bq.m-3 in sample No. W36 from Aldawajin well-2, and the lowest concentration was 682 ±46 Bq.m-3 in sample No. W24 in a well at Al-Barjisiah and the general average of radon gas concentration in all the study samples was 7320 Bq.m-3, the annual effective dose of water was estimated and it was found that the highest value was 1.136 mSv.y-1 in sample No. W36 and this value falls outside the internationally approved limit By the World Health Organization WHO, 0.1 mSv.y-1 In general. It was found that radon concentrations in water samples of Rivers and groundwater wells selected from Basrah Governorate-Southern Iraq falls within the limits of the permissible value of 11000 Bq.m-3 for surface water and 20000Bq.m-3 for groundwater wells, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency EPA, with the exception of some samples of Rivers and underground wells, which have recorded values higher than that value, and they may pose a risk on the health of farmers in those areas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Determination of radon gas concentrations 222Rn in water samples of Rivers and ground wells in Basrah Governorate, Iraq

Ali

2021

MJMS

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“…In our study, participants from both countries had different exposure levels to fluorides. While in the CR drinking water is not supplemented by fluorides and the natural level is rather low (26), in Yemen, natural sources of drinking water contain levels (usually 2-3.8 mg/L) exceeding the WHO limits (up to 1.5 mg/L) (27). The high levels of fluoride (even 32 mg/L) in drinking water in endemic zones not only caused dental fluorosis, but even skeletal fluorosis (28).…”

Section: Table 4 Associations Between Dmft/dmft and Bmi (Pearson Cormentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of oral health in children aged 5-6 years in the Czech Republic and Yemen

Salah¹

2018

Cent Eur J Public Health

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Objective: Dental caries is the most widespread oral disease in the world, with multifactorial aetiology. It hinders not only the ability to eat good food, but also affects perfect speech and well-being. As the disease is almost completely preventable, and at its early stage well treatable, the prevalence of dental caries expresses the lack of public health literacy and skills in dental hygiene, and availability of adequate dental care. Children are especially vulnerable to dental caries, hence the WHO recommends regular monitoring of children's oral health and also appropriate controls for its continual improvement. We describe the part of the study targeted on dental health of Czech (CR) and Yemeni (YE) school children and its association with basic anthropometric markers of their nutrition.Methods: Total of 190 children aged 5-6 years (100 from CR and 90 from YE, 111 males, 79 females -22.5% of the wider study on 5-15 years old children) were involved (after obtaining informed consent from their parents). The sample is not representative. All dental examinations were performed in accordance with the WHO criteria by the same examiner. Each individual tooth, whether primary or permanent, was identified as intact, untreated decayed, extracted or filled. Also, dmft/DMFT indexes for individual children were calculated. Anthropometric measurements were performed by standardized methods and the body mass index (BMI-for-age) was calculated. For the statistical evaluation of differences, the program MedCalc Software Inc., Belgium, was used, especially t-test, Pearson's correlation (rho with 95% confidence interval (CI) and Spearmen's rank correlation coefficient; p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.Results: Dental caries prevalence and dmft scores (2.12-4.31) were found to be rather high among this age group of children, with no significant differences in relation to gender and country; only 30.0% or less of children were caries free. The decayed component was the major part of the dmft scores, and the evaluation of restorative index (ri%) indicates a high percentage of untreated caries and a high treatment need. Especially in Yemeni children dental caries is wholly untreated (ri 0.0 %), but also in the CR the dental care is rather poor (ri 38-41%). The levels of association(s) between oral health markers (dmft/DMFT) and BMI were inconsistent (both positive and negative), but without statistical significance.Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor dental health in these groups of Czech and Yemeni children and low or even no treatment urge effort to include WHO recommendations for practice into the national health policies. Prevention and control of dental caries can be promoted not only by dentists, targeting children and the whole family and their dental habits and lifestyle, with the cooperation of schools, paediatricians, general practitioners and with gynaecologists targeting new and expectant mothers, to increase their knowledge and skills.

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“…The intensity and frequency of dust storms have significantly increased in Iran during the last years. Which has put human health in danger in the southern provinces of Iran like the southwestern Khuzestan Province and northern part of southeastern Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces [35]. However, dust storms have serious impacts on the life of the people in these areas and have put even their breathing in trouble let alone with their work and other useful activities and the frequency intensity of these increasing dust storms and consequences have worried people.…”

Section: Wrf/chem Model Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of HYSPLIT and WRF/Chem Models to Investigate the Dust Storm Episodes

Broomandi

Dabir

Bonakdarpour

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Background: Long-range transport of dust aerosol has intense impacts on theatmospheric environment over wide areas. Methods: The annual and seasonal changes inmeteorological parameters associated with the occurrence of dust storms were studied. Thefeatures of an intense dust storm and its transport characteristics were studied during June 7thto June 9th 2010 in Ahvaz city. Temporal and spatial distribution of Middle Eastern dust stormevent was analyzed by models of HYSPLIT and WRF/Chem, and in- situ observations. Results:A disagreement between the occurrences of dust storms, temperature, relative humidity andrainfall, show the major source of dust storms over Ahvaz city are neighboring countries. UsingHYSPLIT results, the dust particles are mainly transported from north western region of Iraqand eastern Syria to downward areas including Ahvaz city. The arrived Dust aerosols mixedwith local anthropogenic emissions, led to the highest PM10 concentration of 4200 ppm. Themodel results were found to well reproduce temporal and spatial distribution of mineral dustconcentrations according to in-situ measurements. Conclusion: The performance of WRF/Chemwas acceptable for simulation of temporal and spatial distributions of dust storm events.Therefore, it can be taken as a reference in daily air quality forecasting.

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Medical Geology in the Middle East

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Determination of radon gas concentrations 222Rn in water samples of Rivers and ground wells in Basrah Governorate, Iraq

Determination of radon gas concentrations 222Rn in water samples of Rivers and ground wells in Basrah Governorate, Iraq

Comparison of oral health in children aged 5-6 years in the Czech Republic and Yemen

Application of HYSPLIT and WRF/Chem Models to Investigate the Dust Storm Episodes

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