Medical management of children with Down syndrome

Charleton, Patricia; Dennis, Jennifer; Marder, Elizabeth

doi:10.1016/j.paed.2013.12.004

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Over 40 possible medical problems have been listed in children with DS [33]. The range of intellectual disability in DS is wide.…”

Section: Parenting Issues (Often Relevant To Childhood Sleep Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifactorial Influences, Including Comorbidities, Contributing to Sleep Disturbance in Children with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Stores

2016

CNS Neurosci Ther

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The term neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) implies an impairment of the growth and development of the CNS caused by genetic, metabolic, toxic, or traumatic factors. Childhood neuropsychiatric disorder is a subset of NDD. Sleep disturbance is reported in many children with NDD although the details of this association, including extent and types of sleep disturbance, etiology, and assessment and treatment issues, need to be clarified by further research. This review considers the nature of sleep disturbance in NDD. Emphasis is placed on sleep disorders (i.e., the specific conditions that cause sleep problems) of which many are now recognized in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3), and also intrinsic pathophysiological factors, physical and psychiatric comorbidities, and pharmacological and parental influences, which might contribute to the sleep disorders in children with NDD. The implications of this complexity for assessment and treatment in such children are then discussed. Appropriate treatment based on precise diagnosis of the causes of sleep disturbance is required to mitigate the harmful developmental effects of disordered sleep on children with NDD and their families.

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“…Over 40 possible medical problems have been listed in children with DS [33]. The range of intellectual disability in DS is wide.…”

Section: Parenting Issues (Often Relevant To Childhood Sleep Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifactorial Influences, Including Comorbidities, Contributing to Sleep Disturbance in Children with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Stores

2016

CNS Neurosci Ther

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“…Charleton et al 36 list a total of 44 specific medical problems that occur more frequently in people with Down syndrome. Not all of these problems are particularly associated with sleep disturbance, but many are.…”

Section: Physical Comorbidities In Down Syndrome Associated With Sleementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disorders and their clinical significance in children with Down syndrome

Stores

2012

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim Our aim was to review basic aspects of sleep disorders in children with Down syndrome in the light of present‐day findings of such disorders in children in general, including other groups of children with developmental disabilities. Methods A literature search of adverse developmental effects of sleep disturbance, types of sleep disturbance in children with Down syndrome, their aetiology, including possible contributions of physical and psychiatric comorbidities and medication effects, principles of assessment and diagnosis, and treatment issues, was carried out. Results Sleep disturbance is particularly common in children with developmental disorders including Down syndrome. Although there are just three basic sleep problems (sleeplessness or insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and parasomnias) there are many possible underlying causes (sleep disorders), the nature of which dictates the particular treatment required. In children with Down syndrome, in addition to the same influences in other children, various comorbid physical and psychiatric conditions are capable of disturbing sleep. Possible adverse medication effects also need to be considered. Interpretation Screening for sleep disorders and their causes should be routine; positive findings call for detailed diagnosis. Management should acknowledge the likely multifactorial aetiology of the sleep disorders in Down syndrome. Successful treatment can be expected to alleviate significantly the difficulties of both child and family.

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“…Individuals with Down syndrome may present with numerous health complications (Charleton, Dennis & Marder 2010 ). Common anomalies include diminished muscle strength, abnormal body composition and decreased physical fitness, including reduced aerobic capacity or cardiorespiratory fitness (Baynard et al 2008 ; Bertapelli et al 2016 ; González-Agüero et al 2010 ; Pitetti, Baynard & Agiovlasitis 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of virtual reality therapy, combined with physiotherapy for improving motor proficiency in individuals with Down syndrome: A systematic review

Stander

Preez²,

Kritzinger³

et al. 2021

South African Journal of Physiotherapy

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Background: Individuals with Down syndrome may struggle with anticipatory postural adjustments, and adapt slower to motor tasks and environmental changes, due to decreased motor proficiency.Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy (VRT), specifically Nintendo Wii, combined with physiotherapy or occupational therapy (OT) for improving motor proficiency in individuals with Down syndrome, compared to standard physiotherapy, OT or no intervention.Method: Nine computerised databases were searched from inception to July 2020. Methodological quality of randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies was appraised using the physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports.Results: Two randomised controlled trials and four quasi-experimental studies were included, with an average PEDro score of 7.3. One included case study scored 5. This review included 345 participants. Motor proficiency includes balance, coordination, strength and agility. Agility showed a significant improvement after 5 (p = 0.01) or 24 (p 0.01) weeks. Strength showed a significant improvement after a 6- (p = 0.000) or 24-week intervention (p 0.05). Balance showed inconclusive results for adults, and significant improvement in children after 6 (p = 0.000), 8 (p 0.05) or 24 (p 0.003) weeks. One study (n = 155) showed that upper limb and bilateral coordination improved significantly after 24 weeks (p 0.003).Conclusion: Level II, III-1 and IV evidence suggested that VRT may be valuable to improve agility and strength in individuals with Down syndrome, and balance and coordination in children with Down syndrome.Clinical implications: It may be beneficial to use VRT in addition to standard physiotherapy or OT interventions for improving motor proficiency in individuals with Down syndrome.

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Medical management of children with Down syndrome

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Multifactorial Influences, Including Comorbidities, Contributing to Sleep Disturbance in Children with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Multifactorial Influences, Including Comorbidities, Contributing to Sleep Disturbance in Children with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Sleep disorders and their clinical significance in children with Down syndrome

Effect of virtual reality therapy, combined with physiotherapy for improving motor proficiency in individuals with Down syndrome: A systematic review

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