Medical management of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and the postpartum

Okosieme, Onyebuchi; Marx, Harpo; Lazarus, John H.

doi:10.1517/14656566.9.13.2281

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…We found no evidence of an excess of thyroid dysfunction in the controlled iodine intervention trials in pregnancy. Furthermore, the incidence of PPTD observed in these trials was not higher than published rates in the general population (50). Epidemiological studies, however, show that sharp increases in iodine intake in severely iodinedeficient populations may precipitate hyperthyroidism especially in elderly individuals with longstanding thyroid autonomy (56).…”

Section: Clinical Significance Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 60%

THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Impact of iodine supplementation in mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency: systematic review and meta-analysis

Taylor

Okosieme

Dayan

et al. 2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

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137

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Background: Although the detrimental effects of severe iodine deficiency are well recognised, the benefits of correcting mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency are uncertain. Objectives: We undertook a systematic review of the impact of iodine supplementation in populations with mildto-moderate iodine deficiency. Methods: We searched Medline and the Cochrane library for relevant articles published between January 1966 and April 2013, which investigated the effect of iodine supplementation on maternal and newborn thyroid function, infant neurodevelopment and cognitive performance in school-age children. The quality of studies was graded and eligible trials were evaluated in the meta-analysis. Results: Nine randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and eight observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Controlled trials on infant neurodevelopment were lacking; gestational iodine supplementation reduced maternal thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin and in some studies prevented a rise in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone. None of the intervention trials recorded an excess frequency of thyroid dysfunction in contrast to observational studies. A pooled analysis of two RCTs which measured cognitive function in school-age children showed modest benefits of iodine supplementation on perceptual reasoning (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.55; 95% CI 0.05, 1.04; PZ0.03) and global cognitive index (SMD 0.27; 95% CI 0.10, 0.44; PZ0.002) with significant heterogeneity between studies. Conclusion: Iodine supplementation improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children, even in marginally iodine-deficient areas. Further large prospective controlled studies are urgently required to clarify these findings and quantify the risk/benefits of iodine supplementation in regions previously believed to be iodine sufficient such as the UK.

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Section: Clinical Significance Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 60%

THERAPY OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Impact of iodine supplementation in mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency: systematic review and meta-analysis

Taylor

Okosieme

Dayan

et al. 2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

Self Cite

137

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“…During study period 71 study participant 63 are females and 8 males fig [1] were included in our study , we found that prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in overall males and females is 43.6% show fig [2], 40.8%hypothyrodisms and 2.8 hyperthyroidisms, the prevalence in females separately is 46.03% 29 /6 3 cases fig [3], 42.8% of them hypothyroidisms and 3.17 hyperthyroidism case and in males is 25% 2/ 8 fig [4] Hypothyroidisms and no case of hyperthyroidisms observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Thyroids Dysfunction among Saudi Adult Males and Females from (June– September 2016)

Ali¹,

Altahir²

2016

JED

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“…The thyroid gland plays a vital role in body metabolism, through the production of thyroid hormones, which are known to have important actions in controlling many of the human reproductive functions [1]. Thyroid dysfunctions are most prevalent in women during their most fertile years (15 -35), and for a long time thyroid dysfunctions have been linked with poor reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%