Medical Marijuana Effects in Movement Disorders, Focus on Huntington Disease; A Literature Review

Akinyemi, E O; Randhawa, Gavin; Longoria, Victor; Zeine, Rana

doi:10.18433/jpps30967

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Chronic EAE is actively induced by immunization of C57BL/6 mice with myelin oligoden-drocyte peptide (MOG ) [58], with options for utilizing transgenic mice that provide specific immunogenetic backgrounds [55,59]. A remitting-relapsing form of EAE is actively induced by immunization of SJL/J mice with intact protein or peptides from either myelin basic protein (MBP) [60][61][62][63] or proteolipid protein (PLP [139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] ) [64]. Monophasic EAE can be induced by immunization of Lewis rats with MBP 68-86 , and chronic disease can be induced in common marmoset and rhesus macaque non-human primates with MOG 34-56 [55,65,66].…”

Section: Experimental Animal Models Of Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cannabis-based medicine has long been known to be useful in pain management including central pain in multiple sclerosis and post-operative pain [143,144]. Promising benefits of cannabis use and medical marijuana have also been observed for relief of neurologic symptoms in patients with movement disorders, including Parkinson disease and Huntington disease [145]. Furthermore, oral CBD has been used for the treatment of drug-resistant seizures in children with tuberous sclerosis (TSC) [146], and Epidiolex ® (pure CBD) has been approved for the treatment of intractable epilepsy in patients with developmental epileptic encephalopathies [147] including Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS).…”

Section: ⊕⊕⊕mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AG-2 effects were mediated by the CB2 receptor[128].Treatment of 5 mg/kg of endocannabinoid 2-AG or reversible inhibitor of 2-AG degradation UCM-03025 delivered by intraperitoneal injections daily for 7 days. -infected SJL/J mice with CB1/CB2 agonist WIN-55,212-2 for 10 days restored self-tolerance, decreased delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to myelin PLP[139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] peptide ~60 days after infection (dpi) (p < 0.001), induced long-lasting motor function recovery on rotarod, and vertical and horizontal activity measures (p < 0.001), decreased the activation of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 − T cells (p < 0.05), and increased regulatory CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T cells (p < 0.01) in the CNS. Treatment reduced expression of IL-6 and CXCL1 in the CNS (p < 0.01) and upregulated production of IL-5, MCP-1, and IFN-γ (p < 0.05), and IL-9 and VEGF (p < 0.01) at 110 dpi as compared to vehicle-treated controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Neurological Benefits, Clinical Challenges, and Neuropathologic Promise of Medical Marijuana: A Systematic Review of Cannabinoid Effects in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Models of Demyelination

et al. 2022

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Despite current therapeutic strategies for immunomodulation and relief of symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS), remyelination falls short due to dynamic neuropathologic deterioration and relapses, leading to accrual of disability and associated patient dissatisfaction. The potential of cannabinoids includes add-on immunosuppressive, analgesic, neuroprotective, and remyelinative effects. This study evaluates the efficacy of medical marijuana in MS and its experimental animal models. A systematic review was conducted by a literature search through PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCO electronic databases for studies reported since 2007 on the use of cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in MS and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD), and toxin-induced demyelination models. Study selection and data extraction were performed by 3 reviewers, and 28 studies were selected for inclusion. The certainty of evidence was appraised using the Cochrane GRADE approach. In clinical studies, there was low- and moderate-quality evidence that treatment with ~1:1 CBD/THC mixtures as a nabiximols (Sativex®) oromucosal spray reduced numerical rating scale (NRS) scores for spasticity, pain, and sleep disturbance, diminished bladder overactivity, and decreased proinflammatory cytokine and transcription factor expression levels. Preclinical studies demonstrated decreases in disease severity, hindlimb stiffness, motor function, neuroinflammation, and demyelination. Other experimental systems showed the capacity of cannabinoids to promote remyelination in vitro and by electron microscopy. Modest short-term benefits were realized in MS responders to adjunctive therapy with CBD/THC mixtures. Future studies are recommended to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of cannabinoid effects on MS lesions and to evaluate whether medical marijuana can accelerate remyelination and retard the accrual of disability over the long term.

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Section: Experimental Animal Models Of Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ⊕⊕⊕mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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Neurological Benefits, Clinical Challenges, and Neuropathologic Promise of Medical Marijuana: A Systematic Review of Cannabinoid Effects in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Models of Demyelination

et al. 2022

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“…Based on the participant feedback, it was suggested that improved physical mobility may be an additional benefit experienced attributed to the reduction in pain symptoms with medical cannabis usage. Although there is limited literature on medical cannabis and its effects on mobility, a review assessing medical cannabis in patients with Huntington's Disease found significant improvement in motor symptoms including tremors and rigidity after medical cannabis treatment (Akinyemi et al, 2020). Further research would be beneficial to determine the physical benefits and potential changes in motor functioning with medical cannabis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis Among Adults with Chronic Pain: Findings from Interview Data in a Three-Month Pilot Study

et al. 2023

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Objectives: Patient-reported outcomes are critical to evaluate the effectiveness of medical cannabis as an alternative treatment for chronic pain. This study examined the perceived effectiveness of medical cannabis for chronic pain management among middle-aged and older adults newly initiating medical cannabis. Methods: Interview data from participants in a three-month pilot study were analyzed to assess the perceived effectiveness of medical cannabis on chronic pain and related outcomes. The interview was conducted after approximately one month of usage and responses were analyzed using the RADaR (Rigorous and Accelerated Data Reduction) technique. Results: 51 adults initiating medical cannabis for chronic pain were interviewed (24 women, 27 men, mean age 54.4, SD = 12.0), with the majority (n=41) identifying as Non-Hispanic White followed by Non-Hispanic Black (n=7), Multi-racial (2), Hispanic White (1). Most study participants (62.7%) reported MC being overall effective. Common benefits included reduced pain intensity, anxiety, and dependency on pain and psychiatric medications. Improvements in physical functioning, sleep quality, and mood were reported. Common challenges included difficulty finding a suitable product or dose, experiencing side effects such as ‘undesired high’, ‘stomach issues’, and a limited ‘threshold of pain’ treatable by the product. Discussion: Findings suggest most participants perceived medical cannabis to be overall effective for chronic pain management. Participants reported improved physical and mental functioning and reduced use of pain and psychiatric medications. Future research systematically assessing side effects, dosage and mode of consumption is needed to further evaluate the outcomes among adults initiating medical cannabis.

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“…Positive effects have also been shown for symptoms such as spasticity and tremor, although patients that presented these symptoms had other neurodegenerative diseases and not HD (e.g., spasticity improvement was demonstrated in patients with autoimmune demyelinative disease and MS, while tremor was improved in patients with PD following administration of medical marijuana). The positive effects shown in patients with HD were improvements in chorea; improvements in the neuropsychiatric index; and trend for improvements in the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale motor score, the dystonia subscore and behavior score [151].…”

Section: Cannabinoids and Huntington's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid Modulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: In Pursuit of Certainty

Vasincu

Rusu

Ababei

et al. 2022

Biology

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Neurodegenerative diseases are an increasing cause of global morbidity and mortality. They occur in the central nervous system (CNS) and lead to functional and mental impairment due to loss of neurons. Recent evidence highlights the link between neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases of the CNS. These are typically associated with several neurological disorders. These diseases have fundamental differences regarding their underlying physiology and clinical manifestations, although there are aspects that overlap. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is comprised of receptors (type-1 (CB1R) and type-2 (CB2R) cannabinoid-receptors, as well as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)), endogenous ligands and enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids (ECBs). Recent studies revealed the involvement of the ECS in different pathological aspects of these neurodegenerative disorders. The present review will explore the roles of cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) and pharmacological agents that modulate CBRs or ECS activity with reference to Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Huntington’s Disease (HD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

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Medical Marijuana Effects in Movement Disorders, Focus on Huntington Disease; A Literature Review

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Neurological Benefits, Clinical Challenges, and Neuropathologic Promise of Medical Marijuana: A Systematic Review of Cannabinoid Effects in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Models of Demyelination

Neurological Benefits, Clinical Challenges, and Neuropathologic Promise of Medical Marijuana: A Systematic Review of Cannabinoid Effects in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Models of Demyelination

Perceived Effectiveness of Medical Cannabis Among Adults with Chronic Pain: Findings from Interview Data in a Three-Month Pilot Study

Endocannabinoid Modulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: In Pursuit of Certainty

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