Medical sequels of COVID-19

Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world population, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. While the evidence to date has attempted to describe clinical feature of acute illness, recent reports have also begun to describe persistent symptoms that extend beyond the initial period of illness. Adverse outcomes, in addition to respiratory, have been found to occur at different levels: cardiovascular, neurological, or immunological; skin, gastrointestinal or renal manifestations. The detrimental effect on mental health has also been described, not only in COVID-19 patients. The burden of disease secondary to this pandemic is likely to be enormous and not limited to acute disease alone, thus epidemiological studies are needed to further investigate the long-term impact of this disease. This review summarizes the current evidence on short-term effects and describes the possible long-term sequelae of COVID-19.

Exacerbation of Secondary Cold Agglutinin Syndrome in the Setting of SARS-CoV-2

“…Further workup, including testing for D-dimer, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, and serum protein electrophoresis, can help inform treatment. Further research to establish evidence-based screening to inform treatment for CAS secondary to COVID-19 infection is necessary to ensure adequate resolution and decrease complications such as thromboembolic events and exacerbation of autoimmune disorders [ 13 ]. We believe that future treatments for CAS secondary to COVID-19 might involve monoclonal therapies targeting complement, like eculizumab, or C1 esterase inhibitors, like Sutimlimab [ 14 ].…”

Higher Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated With Severity of COVID-19 and Related Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected numerous facets of global life, including health care systems and the economy (4,5). COVID-19, in addition to causing significant global management disorders, can result in aggressive sequelae and death as a result of a harmful link between the immune, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems (6)(7)(8). Besides advanced pharmacological treatments, non-pharmacological interventions have gained attention to assist in combating primary and secondary events of COVID-19 (9,10).…”

Olfactory dysfunctions 6 months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection

“…The medical sequelae of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been described in multiple studies. 1 …”

“…These include some neurological symptoms, such as an altered sense of smell, 2 which is reported by up to 50% of patients with this disease. 1 In most patients, this symptom usually resolves two to four weeks after the infection, 3 but this is not always the case and it may persist over time, having a significant impact on the patient’s long-term quality of life.…”