Medical students as weight loss managers in the behavioral science curriculum

Undergraduate medical education interventions aimed at managing patients with obesity: A systematic review of educational effectiveness

“…Fourteen out of 17 studies collected data using a survey or questionnaires, 22–24,27–33,35–37,40 of which eight contained exam‐style multiple‐choice questions evaluating knowledge of obesity, 22,23,27,28,31,35,36,40 and four contained a scale evaluating attitudes towards patients with obesity 24,31,32,37 …”

“…Three studies performed an evaluation between 5 weeks and 4 months after the end of the intervention 24,28,32 . Nine studies did not report the time between intervention and evaluation 27,29–31,34,37–40 . Five studies performed a delayed evaluation: one study at 8 months, 28 one study at 11 months, 30 and three studies at 12 months after the intervention 24,31,33 …”

“…Twelve out of 17 (71%) interventions were delivered in-person, [22][23][24]27,29,30,32,34,35,37,39,40 two (12%) were delivered online, 28,36 and three (18%) included both online and in-person delivery. 31,33,38 Eight interventions (47%) involved a didactic component, 22,28,30,31,34,35,37,40 six (35%) were predominantly based on small-group learning, 24,29,32,33,37,39 and five (29%) involved real or simulated clinical exposure. 27,30,33,34,38 Nine out of 17 interventions (53%) were a mandatory part of the UGME curriculum.…”

“…[22][23][24]27,28,[31][32][33][35][36][37]40 Nine studies elicited direct student feedback regarding the intervention, including five that measured student satisfaction with the intervention 22,23,29,32,36 and four that required written reflections on the experience. 34,35,38,39 Fourteen out of 17 studies collected data using a survey or questionnaires, [22][23][24][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][35][36][37]40 of which eight contained examstyle multiple-choice questions evaluating knowledge of obesity, 22,23,27,28,31,35,36,40 and four contained a scale evaluating attitudes towards patients with obesity. 24,31,32,37 Five studies performed an evaluation on the effectiveness of the intervention immediatel...…”

“…Persons" (ATOP) scale, 53 and the 14-item "Fat Phobia Scale" (FPS). 54 By stratifying interventions from all 17 studies using Kirkpatrick's model of evaluation, 55 we found that only four studies measured the actual resulting benefits of the intervention on the target population (level 4), 30,34,35,38 five studies measured real-world behaviors (level 3), 30,[33][34][35]38 13 studies measured learning of skills or knowledge (including isolated attitude change; level 2), [22][23][24]27,28,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]40 and eight studies measured students' reactions to the intervention itself (level 1). 22,23,29,[34][35][36]38,39 See Table S6 for further details on the evaluations of educational interventions.…”