Medical Therapy in Equine Wound Management

Hanson, R. Reid

doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2018.07.008

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…As the created wounds were objectively small and discomfort relatively minor, the wounds were bandaged only for recovery then left unbandaged to not influence exuberant granulation tissue formation [ 1 , 27 ]. Similarly, no analgesics were administered to not affect inflammation associated with healing [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses

Mund

MacPhee

Campbell

et al. 2021

Cells

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Limb wounds are common in horses and often develop complications. Intravenous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy is promising but has risks associated with intravenous administration and unknown potential to improve cutaneous wound healing. The objectives were to determine the clinical safety of administering large numbers of allogeneic cord blood-derived MSCs intravenously, and if therapy causes clinically adverse reactions, accelerates wound closure, improves histologic healing, and alters mRNA expression of common wound cytokines. Wounds were created on the metacarpus of 12 horses. Treatment horses were administered 1.51–2.46 × 108 cells suspended in 50% HypoThermosol FRS, and control horses were administered 50% HypoThermosol FRS alone. Epithelialization, contraction, and wound closure rates were determined using planimetric analysis. Wounds were biopsied and evaluated for histologic healing characteristics and cytokine mRNA expression. Days until wound closure was also determined. The results indicate that 3/6 of treatment horses and 1/6 of control horses experienced minor transient reactions. Treatment did not accelerate wound closure or improve histologic healing. Treatment decreased wound size and decreased all measured cytokines except transforming growth factor-β3. MSC intravenous therapy has the potential to decrease limb wound size; however, further work is needed to understand the clinical relevance of adverse reactions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses

Mund

MacPhee

Campbell

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…Prophylactic antimicrobial policies in equine surgical patients have been recently recommended to be restricted to cases in which infection occurrence exceeds 5% without antimicrobials. (Esposito, 1999; Hanson, 2018; Southwood, 2014) The frequency of septic synovitis following equine arthroscopy has been reported to be much lower (0.7%–0.9%) than this threshold, (Borg & Carmalt, 2013; Olds et al., 2006) comparable to that in human patients (0.08%–1.4%), where systemic antimicrobials are not typically prescribed. (Babcock et al., 2002; Barber et al., 1990; Bert et al., 2007; Bratzler et al., 2013; DeLee, 1985; Wieck et al., 1997; Wyatt et al., 2017) Furthermore, Borg and Carmalt reported that complete elimination of antimicrobials before arthroscopy in 444 horses (636 joints) did not result in higher joint infection rates (0.5% joints, 0.7% horses).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective evaluation of association between perioperative antimicrobial protocol and complications following elective equine synovial endoscopy

Pezzanite

Griffenhagen

Krause

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Prophylactic perioperative antimicrobial protocols in equine synovial endoscopy have been described but not compared with respect to post-operative outcomes and complications. Increasing antimicrobial resistance in equine practice and interest in promoting judicious use of antimicrobials has prompted reevaluation of drug selection and dosing strategies. Objectives: To determine the frequency of and compare post-operative complications following elective synovial endoscopy between horses receiving different perioperative antimicrobial protocols. Methods: Records from the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital were evaluated (2014-2018) and equine patients undergoing elective synovial endoscopy were identified. Patients undergoing endoscopy for sepsis or internal fixation were excluded. Patient signalment, clinician, joint and limb involved, perioperative antimicrobial regimen, number endoscopic portals and closure technique, and post-operative complications including incidence of joint infection were recorded. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the odds of post-operative complications. Results: Elective synovial endoscopies of 516 horses in 537 procedures evaluating 761 synovial structures were performed. No horses developed post-operative septic synovitis. Administration of post-operative antimicrobials, type used and patient sex were all significantly associated with increased risk of complications, which were predominantly gastrointestinal-related. Complication rates in horses receiving a single preoperative dose of cefazolin were lower than in horses receiving potassium penicillin, gentamicin or multiple doses. Complication rates were lower in females compared to castrated or intact males. Other factors evaluated (breed, age, surgeon, anaesthesia duration or hospitalization, joint/limb operated, number endoscopic portals) were not associated with increased risk of complications post-operatively in this case population. How to cite this article: Pezzanite LM, Griffenhagen GM, Krause DM, Hendrickson DA. Retrospective evaluation of association between perioperative antimicrobial protocol and complications following elective equine synovial endoscopy.

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“…Wounds can be associated with some complications, such as delayed healing and infection [ 5 ]. One of the main goals of wound medical management is to prevent infection, creating an appropriate environment for epithelial recovery and tissue repair [ 6 , 7 ]. To achieve this purpose, topical antimicrobials are often used, sometimes in an indiscriminate way and without proper knowledge of their effectiveness, a practice that strongly contributes to AMR development [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate are two of the most used antiseptics in equine clinical practice [ 6 , 7 ]. Both have broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and other microorganisms [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both have broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and other microorganisms [ 16 ]. Povidone-iodine has no reports of bacterial resistance; however, it is inactivated in the presence of organic material such as wound debris, highlighting the importance of wound cleansing, and shows some cytotoxicity, which compromises epithelialization [ 6 , 11 ]. Povidone-iodine is reported to be more effective than chlorhexidine gluconate, particularly against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Effect of Eucalyptus Essential Oils and Antiseptics (Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine) against Bacterial Isolates from Equine Wounds

Pimenta,

Dias,

Cotovio

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Considering the increasing antibiotics resistance, there has been a propensity to replace them with antiseptics when it comes to wound management and treatment. Nevertheless, in recent years, there have been reports regarding resistance to antiseptics by some bacterial strains. There is also concern about the environmental impact of these substances. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptics and eucalyptus essential oils on bacterial strains from horse’s wounds. We used twelve Escherichia coli, eight Staphylococcus aureus, two Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, one Staphylococcus vitulinus and one Staphylococcus saprophyticus strains from equine wounds. The effect of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil, Eucalyptus globulus essential oil, povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine gluconate against the isolated strains was evaluated applying the Kirby-Baüer method. Regarding the Escherichia coli strains, E. radiata and the mixture of E. radiata and E. globulus had a better inhibitory effect than antiseptics. E. globulus had a better effect against most Staphylococcus spp. compared to E. radiata. For both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains tested, chlorhexidine gluconate had a better inhibitory effect than povidone-iodine. The antibacterial efficacy of essential oils highlights their potential to substitute or complement the use of antiseptics and so reduce resistance to antiseptics.

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Medical Therapy in Equine Wound Management

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses

Macroscopic, Histologic, and Immunomodulatory Response of Limb Wounds Following Intravenous Allogeneic Cord Blood-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy in Horses

Retrospective evaluation of association between perioperative antimicrobial protocol and complications following elective equine synovial endoscopy

In Vitro Effect of Eucalyptus Essential Oils and Antiseptics (Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine) against Bacterial Isolates from Equine Wounds

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