Medication adherence communications in community pharmacies: A naturalistic investigation

Rickles, Nathaniel M.; Young, Gary J.; Hall, Judith A.; Noland, Carey; Kim, Ayoung; Peterson, C.; Hong, Mina; Hale, John

doi:10.1016/j.pec.2015.10.003

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our findings contrast with the naturalistic observational study conducted in the United States by Rickles et al 9 in 2016, in which 26% to 30% of patients reported that their pharmacist intervened by asking why they had not collected their medications, after they deliberately switched between 2 pharmacies, creating artificial gaps between prescription refills. Differences in perceptions between pharmacists (as in our study) and patients (as in Rickles et al 9 ) might explain the disparity in results. Rickles et al 9 also found that 61% to 73% of patients reported that their pharmacist provided solutions only after mentioning skipping doses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in perceptions between pharmacists (as in our study) and patients (as in Rickles et al 9 ) might explain the disparity in results. Rickles et al 9 also found that 61% to 73% of patients reported that their pharmacist provided solutions only after mentioning skipping doses. Although this finding is similar to what the community pharmacists in our study reported, the (continued)…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…7,8 It is necessary that community pharmacists possess adequate tools and skills to easily and efficiently identify nonadherent patients, allowing them to intervene in a timely manner and encourage optimal medication use. 9 Several studies conducted in North America and Europe have reported that once community pharmacists have identified nonadherent patients from the pharmacy records of prescription refills, most will first intervene by discussing the issue with their patients. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, they face numerous challenges, including the lack of close monitoring, lack of accurate measures of patient adherence, the very busy pharmacy environment and limited patient interest.…”

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Several studies conducted in North America and Europe have reported that once community pharmacists have identified nonadherent patients from the pharmacy records of prescription refills, most will first intervene by discussing the issue with their patients. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, they face numerous challenges, including the lack of close monitoring, lack of accurate measures of patient adherence, the very busy pharmacy environment and limited patient interest. 9,10,13,[16][17][18] A study by Rickles et al 9 showed that community pharmacists face difficulties with identifying, monitoring and intervening in cases of suspected nonadherence.…”

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, they face numerous challenges, including the lack of close monitoring, lack of accurate measures of patient adherence, the very busy pharmacy environment and limited patient interest. 9,10,13,[16][17][18] A study by Rickles et al 9 showed that community pharmacists face difficulties with identifying, monitoring and intervening in cases of suspected nonadherence. Their results indicate a need for enhanced infrastructure (e.g., tools and staff) to facilitate regular monitoring of medication adherence and to promote interventions aimed at improving adherence.…”

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring and managing medication adherence in community pharmacies in Quebec, Canada

et al. 2020

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Background: Community pharmacists have direct access to prescription refill information and regularly interact with their patients. Therefore, they are in a unique position to promote optimal medication use. Objectives: To describe how community pharmacists in Quebec, Canada, identify nonadherent patients, monitor medication use and promote optimal medication adherence. Methods: An invitation to complete a web-based survey was published online through different platforms, including a Facebook pharmacists’ group, an electronic newsletter, a pharmacy network forum and e-mail. The survey included questions on participant characteristics, methods used by pharmacists to identify nonadherent patients and monitor medication use and interventions they used to promote medication adherence. Results: In total, 342 community pharmacists completed the survey. The participants were mainly women (71.6%), staff pharmacists (56.7%) and aged 30 to 39 years (34.2%). The most common method to identify nonadherent patients was to check gaps between prescription refills (98.8%). The most common intervention to promote adherence was patient counselling (82.5%). The most common barriers to identifying nonadherent patients were lack of time (73.1%) and lack of prescription information (65.8%), whereas the most common barriers to intervening were anticipation of a negative reaction from their patients (91.2%) and lack of time (64%). Conclusion: Lack of time and lack of prescription information are frequent challenges encountered by community pharmacists regarding effective monitoring and management of patients with poor medication adherence. Pharmacists could benefit from electronic tools based on prescription refills that would provide quick and easily interpretable information on their patients’ medication adherence. Can Pharm J (Ott) 2020;153:xx-xx.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lucie Blaismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring and managing medication adherence in community pharmacies in Quebec, Canada

et al. 2020

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Using forum theatre to teach communication skills within an undergraduate pharmacy curriculum: A qualitative evaluation of students' feedback

Jacob

Larter²,

Blair³

et al. 2019

Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning

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Background and purpose Pharmacist-patient communication has traditionally been unidirectional, 1-3 with numerous studies illustrating that pharmacists use technical jargon, 4 display feeble responses to emotional prompts, 5 and control the interaction and content by using close-ended questions. 6-8 There is also minimal effort to engage with or elicit feedback from patients about their preference or concerns with regard to their medication. 5,6,9,10 Indeed, pharmacists tend to focus on transferring information to patients based on what they perceive to be important. 11,12 This approach to communication has thus impeded effective engagement with patients, and could affect adherence. 6,10 With the shift from the traditional biomedical model of care long adopted by pharmacists, to a patient-centered model which facilitates the provision of pharmaceutical care, 13-17 there is a need for pharmacists to similarly move away from communication styles which focus on the transmission of information, to one that adopts a transactional model. 1,12,17 The importance of pharmacists as communicators is underlined in the World Health Organization's seven-star concept, which states that pharmacists should be active communicators who employ verbal, non-verbal, and listening skills. 18 This has been echoed by the International Pharmaceutical Federation, who stipulate that educational programs should prepare future pharmacists to have adequate social and communication skills. 19 Indeed, research has shown that effective communication can lead to increased adherence, better health outcomes, increased patient satisfaction, a better understanding of treatment, and increased patient engagement in therapeutic decisions. 2,6,9,17,20-24 A number of pharmacy curricula, however, focus on developing students' medication-related competencies, as opposed to their relational or social skills-skills which would have a greater bearing on patient engagement. 1,8,9 There has also been a reliance on didactic teaching methods to teach communication skills, 8,16 which may not be as effective as active-learning approaches. 24 Patient-pharmacist interactions are not scripted communications, and are instead a dynamic exchange occurring in an equally dynamic environment. 12 While not discounting the effectiveness of using simulated or standardized patients (SPs) to teach communication skills, 22,25-27 SPs nonetheless give scripted responses to students, which belie the true nature of the interactions which take place in a pharmacy or at the bedside. 12,28 It has also been noted that for deep-learning to occur, there should be Fonteyn ME, Kuipers B, Grobe SJ. A Description of Think Aloud Method and Protocol Analysis.

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Any questions? Yes, do pharmacists monitor medications at refill?

Witry¹,

Guirguis²

2017

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association

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Medication adherence communications in community pharmacies: A naturalistic investigation

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Monitoring and managing medication adherence in community pharmacies in Quebec, Canada

Monitoring and managing medication adherence in community pharmacies in Quebec, Canada

Using forum theatre to teach communication skills within an undergraduate pharmacy curriculum: A qualitative evaluation of students' feedback

Any questions? Yes, do pharmacists monitor medications at refill?

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