Medicina personalizada y farmacogenómica en el tratamiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares

Abstract

The article discusses the application of personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, highlighting their ability to improve drug efficacy and reduce adverse effects. Through a literature review, the study examines how genetic variants in genes such as CYP2C19 and SLCO1B1 influence the response to common drugs such as statins and clopidogrel. The results indicate that tailoring doses according to a patient's genetic profile not only improves clinical outcomes, but also reduces the incidence of serious side effects, such as myopathies and thrombosis. Despite these benefits, clinical implementation faces significant barriers, such as the high costs of genetic testing and the lack of access to advanced technology in some regions. The study concludes that, although pharmacogenomics has the potential to transform the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, its widespread adoption will depend on overcoming these barriers.