Medicinal and edible lignicolous fungi as natural sources of antioxidative and antibacterial agents

Abstract

The antioxidant activity of organic extracts of eight fungal species, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma applanatum, Meripilus giganteus, Laetiporus sulphureus, Flammulina velutipes, Coriolus versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatus and Panus tigrinus, was evaluated for free radical (DPPH· and OH·) scavenging capacity and an effect on lipid peroxidation, and the antibacterial activity was tested by the agar well diffusion method. The highest DPPH· scavenging activity was found in the methanol extract of G. applanatum (12.5 μg/mL, 82.80%) and the chloroform extract of G. lucidum (510.2 μg/mL, 69.12%). The same extracts also showed the highest LP inhibition (91.83%, 85.09%) at 500 μg/mL, while the methanol extracts of G. applanatum and L. sulphureus showed the highest scavenging effect on OH· radicals (68.47%, 57.06%, respectively) at 400 μg/mL. A strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria was also manifested. The antioxidative potencies correlated generally with the total phenol content (0.19-9.98 mg/g). The HPLC determination showed that the majority of analysed species contained gallic and protocatechic acids. Consequently, these fungi are shown to be potential sources of antioxidative and antibacterial agents.

Chemical composition of the mushroom Meripilus giganteus Karst. and bioactive properties of its methanolic extract

“…Total phenolics content in the methanolic extract was 58.20 mg GAE/g of extract which is higher than the one reported by Karaman et al (2010) (5.11 mg of chlorogenic acid equivalents/g of dry weight of M. giganteus). The obtained difference might be related to the different extraction methods used.…”

“…On the other hand, DPPH scavenging activity and inhibition of b-carotene bleaching gave slightly higher results with EC 50 values of 2.08 mg/mL and 2.14 mg/ mL, respectively. DPPH scavenging activity of M. giganteus 70% methanolic extract was previously evaluated and the EC 50 value was 0.155 mg/mL (Karaman et al, 2010). In the present study, the EC 50 DPPH scavenging activity value was significantly higher compared to the mentioned report and this difference might be explained by the different extraction conditions and drying processes applied to mushrooms (e.g.…”

“…1C p-Coumaric acid was the most abundant phenolic component identified in M. giganteus, while p-hydroxybenzoic and cinnamic acids were found at lower levels (Table 1). A previous study performed by Karaman et al (2010) reported gallic (675 mg/g) and protocatechuic (279 mg/g) acids as the only phenolic compounds in M. giganteus, while p-coumaric acid was not detected. The observed differences might be attributed to different extraction methodologies or different maturity stages of fruiting bodies, among other factors.…”

“…M. giganteus is mainly distributed in northern hemisphere, in Europe, Turkey, Iran and northern Asia (Schmidt, 2006). So far, reports on chemical composition of M. giganteus growing wild in Serbia, as well as on bioactive properties of its methanolic extract are very scarce (Karaman, Jovin, Malba sa, Matavuly, & Popovic, 2010;Karaman, Kaisarevic, Somborski, Kebert, & Matavulj, 2009). The present study aims to characterize the chemical composition of M. giganteus and to evaluate its biological properties namely, antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity and the effect on cancer cell's viability, apoptosis and migration in vitro.…”

Assessment of in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus: An edible mushroom

“…The results also lined up with Karaman et al, postulated that organic extract (methanol and chloroform) of P. osteatus has been manifested as effective against Gram-positive bacteria which showed to be a potential source of antibacterial agents. 35 …”