Medicinal plants and natural products as neuroprotective agents in age-related macular degeneration

Bosch‐Morell, Francisco; Villagrasa, Victoria; Ortega, T.; Acero, Nuria; Muñoz‐Mingarro, Dolores; González‐Rosende, M. Eugenia; Castillo, Encarna; Sanahuja, María Amparo; Soriano, Pilar; Martínez‐Solís, Isabel

doi:10.4103/1673-5374.284978

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Therefore, the attempt to counteract the overproduction of ROS, which are considered the mediators of oxidative damage, is one of the most studied approaches for preserving RPE functional integrity upon oxidative stress [ 46 ]. Emerging research evidence suggests that natural antioxidant compounds, especially polyphenols and carotenoids, could reduce oxidative stress in RPE [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen–Peroxide–Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells

Clementi¹,

Maulucci

Bianchetti

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a densely pigmented, monostratified epithelium that provides metabolic and functional support to the outer segments of photoreceptors. Endogenous or exogenous oxidative stimuli determine a switch from physiological to pathological conditions, characterized by an increase of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulating evidence has elucidated that punicalagin (PUN), the major ellagitannin in pomegranate, is a potent antioxidant in several cell types. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of PUN on mitochondrial dysfunction associated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)–induced oxidative stress. For this purpose, we used a human RPE cell line (ARPE–19) exposed to H2O2 for 24 h. The effects of PUN pre–treatment (24 h) were examined on cell viability, mitochondrial ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and respiratory chain complexes, then finally on caspase–3 enzymatic activity. The results showed that supplementation with PUN: (a) significantly increased cell viability; (b) kept the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) at healthy levels and limited ROS production; (c) preserved the activity of respiratory complexes; (d) reduced caspase–3 activity. In conclusion, due to its activity in helping mitochondrial functions, reducing oxidative stress, and subsequent induction of cellular apoptosis, PUN might be considered a useful nutraceutical agent in the treatment of oxidation–associated disorders of RPE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen–Peroxide–Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells

Clementi¹,

Maulucci

Bianchetti

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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“…Besides having anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties [ 15 , 16 ], lutein is also able to filter blue light thus protect photoreceptors from light-induced damage [ 17 ]. C3G is one of the most common anthocyanins naturally found in many edible parts of plants and appears to benefit vision through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity [ 18 , 19 ]. Additional efficacy of C3G depends on its capability to stimulate rhodopsin regeneration in the outer retina [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation of Antioxidant Compounds Prevents Light-Induced Retinal Damage in a Rat Model

et al. 2021

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Light-induced retinal damage (LD) is characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress and photoreceptor cell death. The use of natural antioxidants has emerged as promising approach for the prevention of LD. Among them, lutein and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) have been shown to be particularly effective due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, less is known about the possible efficacy of combining them in a multicomponent mixture. In a rat model of LD, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and electroretinography were used to demonstrate that lutein and C3G in combination or in a multicomponent mixture can prevent oxidative stress, inflammation, gliotic and apoptotic responses thus protecting photoreceptor cells from death with higher efficacy than each component alone. Combined efficacy on dysfunctional electroretinogram was also demonstrated by ameliorated rod and cone photoreceptor responses. These findings suggest the rationale to formulate multicomponent blends which may optimize the partnering compounds bioactivity and bioavailability.

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“…Second, neuroprotective agents are being used to maintain and preserve the visual function of patients for many years [ 27 ]. To prevent the progression of vision loss to blindness, neuroprotective agents may be used after the initial detection of vision loss [ 28 ]. Basic fibroblast-derived growth factor (bFGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cardiotrophin-1, nerve growth factor (NGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and CNTF are among the substances that decreased photoreceptor loss in animal models [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Neurodegenerative Diseases Affecting the Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocarriers for the Delivery of Neuroprotective Agents in the Treatment of Ocular Neurodegenerative Diseases

et al. 2023

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Retinal neurodegeneration is considered an early event in the pathogenesis of several ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. At present, there is no definitive treatment to prevent the progression or reversal of vision loss caused by photoreceptor degeneration and the death of retinal ganglion cells. Neuroprotective approaches are being developed to increase the life expectancy of neurons by maintaining their shape/function and thus prevent the loss of vision and blindness. A successful neuroprotective approach could prolong patients’ vision functioning and quality of life. Conventional pharmaceutical technologies have been investigated for delivering ocular medications; however, the distinctive structural characteristics of the eye and the physiological ocular barriers restrict the efficient delivery of drugs. Recent developments in bio-adhesive in situ gelling systems and nanotechnology-based targeted/sustained drug delivery systems are receiving a lot of attention. This review summarizes the putative mechanism, pharmacokinetics, and mode of administration of neuroprotective drugs used to treat ocular disorders. Additionally, this review focuses on cutting-edge nanocarriers that demonstrated promising results in treating ocular neurodegenerative diseases.

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Medicinal plants and natural products as neuroprotective agents in age-related macular degeneration

Cited by 28 publications

References 87 publications

Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen–Peroxide–Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells

Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen–Peroxide–Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells

Dietary Supplementation of Antioxidant Compounds Prevents Light-Induced Retinal Damage in a Rat Model

Nanocarriers for the Delivery of Neuroprotective Agents in the Treatment of Ocular Neurodegenerative Diseases

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