Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review

Abstract

: Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the most common disorder of the stomach and duodenum, which is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. PUD occurs due to an imbalance between offensive and defensive factors and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are frequently used for the treatment. Recently, medicinal plants have emerged as efficacious, safe and widely available alternative therapies for PUD. The aim of this review was to study the medicinal plants and phytochemicals, which have been used for PUD treatment to evaluate the potential role of natural compounds to develop herbal remedies for PUD. Information was obtained using a literature search of electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys and Cochrane. Common and scientific names of the plants and keywords such as ‘peptic ulcer’, ‘gastric ulcer’, ‘stomach ulcer’ and ‘duodenal ulcer’ were used for search. Eventually, 279 plants from 89 families were identified and information on the plant families, part of the plant used, chemical constituents, extracts, ulcer model used and dosage were abstracted. The results indicated that most of the anti-PUD plants were from Asteraceae (7.1%) and Fabaceae (6.8%) families while flavonoids (49%), tannins (13%), saponins (10%) and alkaloids (9%) were the most common natural compounds in plants with anti-PUD activity.

Protective Role of Vitamin E and Vitamin C on Morphology of Gastric Mucosal Injury Induced by Aspirin in Albino Rats

“…1 It is commonly caused by the disproportion between the aggressive (pepsin, acid, NSAIDS helicobacter pylori, oxidative stress and ethanol) and defensive factors (mucus secretion, bicarbonate, epidermal growth factors, prostaglandin, cellular regeneration and blood flow). [2,3] Aspirin is widely available as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic agent. 4 Around 40,000 tonnes is being used each year for the treatment of diseases like rheumatic arthritis, rheumatoid fever, pericarditis, and Kawasaki disease 5 Aspirin induces gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting cyclooxygenase and releasing endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is a potent vasoconstrictor shown to induce mucosal injury .…”

“…[7,8,9] .Water soluble Vitamin C is present in wide range of foods like cabbage, lemons, oranges, broccoli, tomatoes and potatoes. 10 Radicals such as superoxide, hydroxyl, and lipid hydro peroxide which are known to damage the gastric mucosa are scavenged by the Vitamin C. 3 The function of endogenous free-radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase is also elevated by Vitamin C . 2 Lipid soluble Vitamin E is an antioxidant that is present in peanuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, walnuts, pecans, pistachios, palm oil and sesame seeds.…”

Ethanolic extract of okra has a potential gastroprotective effect on acute gastric lesions in Sprague Dawley rats

“…Although the basic mechanism is still under experimentation, it is considered that gastric ulcerations occur due to an imbalance between protective and damaging factors (Ardalani et al, 2020). The main prevalent causes of gastric ulcers are Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oxidative stress, genetic factors, alcohol consumption, and smoking (Park et al, 2020).…”

“…Gastric ulcers are biological changes in the normal architecture of cells of the stomach wall that are caused by any erosion or disruption and get worse by persistent inflammation and oxidative stress. Although the basic mechanism is still under experimentation, it is considered that gastric ulcerations occur due to an imbalance between protective and damaging factors (Ardalani et al., 2020). The main prevalent causes of gastric ulcers are Helicobacter pylori bacteria, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, oxidative stress, genetic factors, alcohol consumption, and smoking (Park et al., 2020).…”

Analysis of the Effect of Individualized Nursing Combined with Humanistic Care on Elderly Patients with Gastric Ulcer

“…Gastric ulcer is one of the most common and serious chronic diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract with the characteristics of slow onset, long course, stubbornness and high recurrence rate [1,2]. The imbalance between the protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal mucosa and the harming impact of gastric acid and pepsin might result in gastric ulcer [3].…”