Medicinal plants used in wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers

Abstract

Nanofibers are a type of nanostructures, which due to their unique properties can be used in wound dressing, and electrospinning is a good way to produce them. The benefits of wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers include a large surface area to volume ratio, high absorption of secretions from the wound, and high air permeability, mimicking the morphology of extracellular matrix (ECM) of the damaged tissue and the possibility of the gradual release of the drug agents loaded on nanofibers. Because of the adaptability of plants to the body, low side effects and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, interest in using plants is increasing. Combining nanofibers with plants is a way to integrate the physical properties of the structure of nanofibers and the chemical and antibacterial properties of the plants. In recent years, many plants in the forms of extracts, essential oils, and pure active ingredients have been used in the electrospininng and production of nanofibercontaining plants; some of the plants may be a good choice for wound dressings made of electrospun nanofibers.

Chelidoniummajus L. Incorporated Emulsion Electrospun PCL/PVA_PEC Nanofibrous Meshes for Antibacterial Wound Dressing Applications

“…To overcome such limitations and improve the healing process, different modern wound dressings such as films, foams, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, and micro to nanofibers meshes have been fabricated from a wide range of natural and synthetic biomaterials and selected based on the type of wounds [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Among them, nanofiber meshes produced from several methods, including self-assembly, phase separation, drawing, template synthesis, and electrospinning have been regarded as one of the most efficient wound dressing materials, especially those produced by electrospinning, due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and functional versatility [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 ].…”

“…The electrospun nanofibrous meshes exhibit desirable features for wound healing occurs, once they form randomly orientated 3D-structures which resemble the skin’s extracellular matrix (ECM) [ 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Moreover, these meshes display high surface area, high porosity, and interconnected pores, which provide a suitable microenvironment for cell attachment, growth, and differentiation, as well as angiogenesis and collagen synthesis [ 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Furthermore, the electrospun nanofibers can control gas exchanges, supply water and nutrients to the wound site, and assist in fluids absorption, maintaining a moisture balance at the wound dressing interface [ 4 , 6 , 13 ].…”

“…Furthermore, the electrospun nanofibers can control gas exchanges, supply water and nutrients to the wound site, and assist in fluids absorption, maintaining a moisture balance at the wound dressing interface [ 4 , 6 , 13 ]. These materials also exhibit potential to scar-free repair and regeneration, and the loading ability for a wide variety of bioactive or therapeutic agents, including antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, growth factors, vitamins, and even cells [ 4 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Therapeutic potential of Commiphora molmol extract loaded on chitosan nanofibers against experimental cryptosporidiosis

“…Because of their unique properties, electrospun nanofibers are regarded as a promising drug delivery system for plant extracts, and electrospinning is a successful way to manufacture them [31] . The chitosan nanofiber is a remarkable material in the controlled drug delivery process.…”

“…It decreases the side effects of the pharmaceutical ingredient and preserves the dosage of the drug concentration within the effective therapeutic range allowing it high potential for use in many fields [32] . Combining nanofibers with plants is a way to integrate the physical properties of the nanofibers' structure and the chemical and antiparasitic properties of the plants [31] .…”