Meditation has stronger relationships with mindfulness, kundalini, and mystical experiences than yoga or prayer

Castro, John M. de

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2015.04.022

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Mindfulness involves consciously focusing on internal and external experiences in the present moment with a non-judgmental and accepting attitude (Brown and Ryan, 2003; Kabat-Zinn, 2003). Methods such as mindfulness meditation have been used to cultivate and enhance the level of individual mindfulness (Baer, 2003; Creswell et al, 2014; de Castro, 2015; Bianco et al, 2016). A large number of studies have shown that mindfulness meditation significantly reduces stress, improves physical and mental health, and produces satisfactory changes in life (Krygier et al, 2013; Creswell et al, 2014; de Jong et al, 2016; Lomas et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Compassion and Subjective Well-Being Mediate the Impact of Mindfulness on Balanced Time Perspective in Chinese College Students

Ke-sheng

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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Balanced time perspective is associated with optimal social functioning and provides psychological benefits in times of stress. Previous studies have found that mindfulness is positively associated with balanced time perspective and might promote it. However, the mechanism through which mindfulness affects balanced time perspective remains unexplored. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of self-compassion and subjective well-being in the relationship between mindfulness and balanced time perspective. A total of 754 Chinese college students, aged 17–27 years, completed the Chinese versions of the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale, Subjective Well-Being Scale, and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. There were significant positive correlations between mindfulness, self-compassion, subjective well-being, and balanced time perspective. Structural equation modeling indicated that in addition to the direct influence of mindfulness on balanced time perspective, self-compassion and subjective well-being played a partial mediating role. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that mindfulness has an important positive influence on balanced time perspective, and highlights the crucial role of the self-compassion in cultivating a balanced time perspective. Limitations of the present study are also discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Compassion and Subjective Well-Being Mediate the Impact of Mindfulness on Balanced Time Perspective in Chinese College Students

Ke-sheng

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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“…Contemplative practices associated with increased mindfulness, such as meditation and yoga, have been shown to correlate with mystical experiences (de Castro, 2015a, 2015b). Mindful awareness may deepen sensitivity to and appreciation of sensory experiences, which enhance the experience of mysticism (Cahn, Delorme, & Polich, 2010;de Castro, 2015b;Mirams, Poliakoff, Brown, & Lloyd, 2013). No existing study has investigated the correlation of trait mindfulness with mysticism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Trait Mindfulness: A Multifaceted Evaluation

Polizzi

Gautam

Lynn

2018

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

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Scant studies have addressed the relations of an array of variables related to trait mindfulness in the context of a single investigation. We tested 800 (67.9% females, 31.3% males, .6% other, and .3% missing) undergraduate participants to evaluate three hypotheses: (a) increased positive affect, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, acceptance, mysticism, transliminality, emotion regulation, and resilience would be related to increased trait mindfulness; (b) decreased negative affect, neuroticism, trait anxiety, behavioral avoidance, depression, and psychopathy would be associated with increased trait mindfulness; and (c) emotion regulation and resilience would demonstrate the strongest relations with trait mindfulness. All variables correlated significantly with trait mindfulness in the hypothesized directions, except for mysticism. Regression analyses revealed that emotion regulation, resilience, neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, and behavioral avoidance all uniquely related to trait mindfulness. Enhanced emotion regulation and resilience alone accounted for more than 50% of variance in trait mindfulness.

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“…Mindfulness refers to an awareness that emerges by intentionally focusing attention on the present moment experience in a non-judgemental or non-evaluative way (Kabat-Zinn, 2005). The relationship between meditation practice and mindfulness has been clearly established (de Castro, 2015), as it has also been established between mindfulness and psychological health (Carmody et al, 2008; Khoury et al, 2013; Demarzo et al, 2015). Greeson et al (2011) suggest that mindfulness partly mediates the association between increased spiritual experiences and improved mental health related to quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religiosity and Meditation Practice: Exploring Their Explanatory Power on Psychological Adjustment

et al. 2019

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There has been increased interest in the relationships between religiosity, meditation practice and well-being, but there is lack of understanding as to how specific religious components and distinct meditation practices could influence different positive and negative psychological adjustment outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the explanatory power of religious beliefs and the practice of prayer, focused attention (FA), open monitoring (OM), and compassion meditation (CM) on psychological adjustment, taking into consideration a number of practice-related variables such as session length, frequency of practice and lifetime practice. Psychological adjustment was assessed by means of happiness, positive affect, depression, negative affect, and emotional overproduction. A cross-sectional design was used, with a final sample comprising 210 Spanish participants who completed an online assessment protocol. Hierarchical regressions were performed, including age, sex and psychotropic medication use in the first step as possible confounders, with the addition of religious beliefs and the practice of prayer, FA, OM, and CM in the second step. FA session length was related to all psychological adjustment outcomes: happiness (Δ R 2 = 0.09, p = 0.002; β = 0.25, p = 0.001), positive affect (Δ R 2 = 0.09, p = 0.002; β = 0.18, p = 0.014), depression (ΔR 2 = 0.07, p = 0.004; β = -0.27, p < 0.001), negative affect (Δ R 2 = 0.08, p = 0.007; β = -0.27, p < 0.001) and emotional overproduction (Δ R 2 = 0.07, p = 0.013; β = -0.23, p = 0.001). CM session length was related to positive affect (β = 0.18, p = 0.011). CM practice frequency was associated with happiness (Δ R 2 = 0.06, p = 0.038; β = 0.16, p = 0.041). Lifetime practice of FA was related to happiness (Δ R 2 = 0.08, p = 0.007; β = 0.21, p = 0.030) and OM to emotional overproduction (Δ R 2 = 0.08, p = 0.037; β = -0.19, p = 0.047). Religious beliefs and prayer seemed to be less relevant than meditation practices such as FA, OM, and CM in explaining psychological adjustment. The distinct meditation practices might be differentially related to distinct psychological adjustment outcomes through different practice-related variables. However, research into other forms of institutional religiosity integrating social aspects of religion is required.

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Meditation has stronger relationships with mindfulness, kundalini, and mystical experiences than yoga or prayer

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Self-Compassion and Subjective Well-Being Mediate the Impact of Mindfulness on Balanced Time Perspective in Chinese College Students

Self-Compassion and Subjective Well-Being Mediate the Impact of Mindfulness on Balanced Time Perspective in Chinese College Students

Trait Mindfulness: A Multifaceted Evaluation

Religiosity and Meditation Practice: Exploring Their Explanatory Power on Psychological Adjustment

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