Mediterranean diet and cancer: epidemiological evidence and mechanism of selected aspects

Grosso, Giuseppe; Buscemi, Silvio; Galvano, Fabio; Mistretta, Antonio; Marventano, Stefano; Vela, V. La; Drago, Filippo; Gangi, Santi; Burzotta, Francesco; Biondi, Antonio

doi:10.1186/1471-2482-13-s2-s14

Cited by 124 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, a J-shaped curve with a protective effect of 15-35 g of red wine intake was observed in men, regardless of the overall dietary habits of the participants. The inverse association between moderate red wine intake and prevalence of CRC may be, at least partially, attributed to its content of antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols, that have been demonstrated to have antimutagenic and antiproliferative properties (7). Despite these new findings on red wine consumption and CRC, we did not find any protective effect of red wine, although the detrimental effect of alcohol intake was attenuated among participants who were more adherent to the MD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The combination of such foods included in the pattern provides a high amount of antioxidants such as flavonoids, carotenoids, and vitamins that have been shown to protect against cancer (7). Moreover, the high content of fiber, folate, and a favorable fatty acid profile may increase the link of this dietary pattern with protective mechanisms preventing carcinogenesis (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet: A Case-Control Study

Grosso

Biondi

Galvano

et al. 2014

Nutrition and Cancer

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Recent evidence demonstrates that increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) may prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between health-related characteristics and CRC in the context of the MD. This was a case-control study conducted on a sample of 338 consecutive patients with a first diagnosis of CRC recruited in an urban facility in the city of Catania, southern Italy, and matched with 676 apparently healthy subjects without clinical symptoms or signs of any type of cancer. Data regarding sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics were collected, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern was assessed using the MedDietScore. A significant association between a greater adherence to the MD and lower odds of having cancer (odds ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.75) was found. Also, smoking status, family history of CRC, obesity, diabetes, physical activity, and high intake of alcohol were significantly associated with CRC, but only among subjects less adherent to the MD. MD was associated with a less detrimental effects of several health-related characteristics associated with CRC, suggesting potential benefits of adherence to this dietary pattern with regards to CRC risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet: A Case-Control Study

Grosso

Biondi

Galvano

et al. 2014

Nutrition and Cancer

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“…The Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) is a healthy dietary pattern (Scarmeas et al 2006b) that has been associated with lower risk of a wide variety of diseases including cardiovascular diseases (Estruch et al 2013;Gardener et al 2011), dementia (Scarmeas et al 2006b), Parkinson's disease (Alcalay et al 2012), cancer (Grosso et al 2013), and others. The MeDi is characterized by high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits, cereals, fish, monounsaturated fatty acids, low intake of saturated fatty acids, dairy products, meat and poultry, and mild to moderate ethanol use (Scarmeas et al 2006b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean diet and leukocyte telomere length in a multi-ethnic elderly population

Honig

Schupf

et al. 2015

AGE

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Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is considered as the marker of biological aging and may be related to environmental factors. The current study aimed to examine the relation between Mediterranean-type diet and LTL. We used a cross-sectional study of 1743 multi-ethnic community residents of New York aged 65 years or older. Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) was calculated from dietary information collected using a food frequency questionnaire. LTL was measured from leukocyte DNA using a real-time PCR method to measure T/S ratio, the ratio of telomere (T) to single-copy gene (S) sequence. Regression analysis showed that the MeDi score was not associated with LTL in the overall study population (β=12.5; p=0.32) after adjusting for age, sex, education, ethnicity, caloric intake, smoking, and physical and leisure activities. However, we found a significant association between MeDi and LTL among non-Hispanic whites (β=48.3; p=0.05), and the results held after excluding dementia subjects (β= 49.6; p = 0.05). We further found that, in the whole population, vegetable and cereal consumption above the sex-specific population median was associated with longer LTL (β=89.1, p=0.04) and shorter LTL (β = −93.5; p = 0.03), respectively. Among non-Hispanic whites, intake of meat or dairy below sex-specific population medians was associated with longer LTL (β=154.7, p=0.05; β= 240.5, p < 0.001, respectively). We found that higher adherence to a MeDi was associated with longer LTL among whites but not among African Americans and Hispanics. Additionally, a diet high in vegetables but low in cereal, meat, and dairy might be associated with longer LTL among healthy elderly.

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“…Recently, using various different indices to assess the association of OPLC with adherence to the Mediterranean diet, Filomeno et al and Li et al found strong evidence for a beneficial role of this diet on OPLC risk [19,27]. A recent review by Grosso et al discussed many plausible biological mechanisms that explain the protective role patterns such as the Prudent/healthy and the Mediterranean have on the risk of cancer [50]. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants such as carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, dietary fiber (and its components), dithiolthiones, glucosinolates (isothiocyanates and indoles), polyphenols, protease inhibitors, allium compounds, plant sterols, and limonene [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

et al. 2016

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Background: No study has investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa region. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 108 cases with histologically confirmed oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 healthy controls, who did not suffer from any dietrelated diseases. Dietary intake data were collected by a face-to-face interview, using a food frequency questionnaire. Socio-demographic and health risk behavioural information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: The factor analysis revealed three dietary patterns labeled "Western", "Traditional Syrian" and "High Protein". The results of logistic regression analyses showed that consumption of Western food in the middle and high tertiles posed a significant increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk of four and three-fold, respectively (adjusted OR = 4.05, 2.80; 95 % CI = 1.57-10.44, 1.05-7.51; P = 0.004, 0.041; respectively). In contrast, consumption of Traditional Syrian in the high tertile and High Protein in the middle and high tertiles displayed significant protective effects in relation to oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.28, 0.24, 0.10; 95 % CI = 0.10-0.80, 0.10-0.62, 0.03-0.25; P = 0.018, 0.003, <0.001; respectively). Compared to males, females were more likely to adhere to the High Protein dietary pattern. Traditional Syrian pattern's scores decreased with increasing level of education and smoking. High Protein pattern's scores decreased with age and smoking and increased with working status. Conclusions: Traditional Syrian and High Protein dietary patterns were associated with a decreased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk, whereas Western pattern was associated with an increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk.

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Mediterranean diet and cancer: epidemiological evidence and mechanism of selected aspects

Cited by 124 publications

References 104 publications

Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet: A Case-Control Study

Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet: A Case-Control Study

Mediterranean diet and leukocyte telomere length in a multi-ethnic elderly population

Dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria: a case control study

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